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| Mount Jumullong Manglo | |
|---|---|
| Name | Mount Jumullong Manglo |
| Elevation m | 391 |
| Prominence m | 391 |
| Location | Guam, United States |
| Range | Bogred Range |
Mount Jumullong Manglo is the second-highest summit on Guam at approximately 391 metres (1,283 ft), located in the southwest near the village of Talofofo and the community of Umatac. The peak forms a prominent landmark within the Navy of the United States and United States Department of Defense histories of the Mariana Islands and figures in contemporary Guam Public School System cultural programming. It is visited by hikers, researchers from the University of Guam, and officials from the Guam Department of Parks and Recreation.
Mount Jumullong Manglo sits inland from the Pacific Ocean coast and east of the Asan Bay watershed, within proximity to the villages of Talofofo, Merizo, Umatac, and Santa Rita. Its summit provides views across Apra Harbor, toward the Philippine Sea and the neighboring island of Rota in the Mariana Islands chain. The mountain is part of Guam's southern highland topography alongside Mount Lamlam and is drained by tributaries that feed the Talofofo River and the Pago River. Administratively the area intersects jurisdictions overseen by the Government of Guam and local municipal authorities tied to traditional Chamorro people land use.
The peak is underlain by Miocene-aged volcanic and reefal sequences associated with the tectonic history of the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc and the broader Pacific Plate subduction processes. Rock units around the mountain include limestone caprock and older volcanic basalt flows comparable to formations studied at Mount Lamlam and outcrops near Ritidian Point. Geological surveys by researchers affiliated with the United States Geological Survey and the University of Guam Marine Laboratory have documented karst features and soil development influenced by tropical weathering and Typhoon Pongsona-era erosion. Seismicity related to the Ring of Fire contributes to slope stability considerations in the area.
The mountain supports subtropical evergreen forest and native limestone forest communities with species that parallel those recorded in Sangley Point and Rota preserves. Native flora includes taxa studied by botanists from the Smithsonian Institution and the National Tropical Botanical Garden, while fauna includes endemic and migratory species catalogued by the Guam Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources and researchers from the American Museum of Natural History. Populations of the Guam rail and the Mariana fruit bat have historically been monitored in adjacent habitats, and invasive species such as the brown tree snake have prompted conservation action by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and local NGOs like the Guam Preservation Trust.
The mountain occupies a place in Chamorro people oral histories and traditional navigation narratives recorded by ethnographers associated with the Bureau of American Ethnology and the University of Guam Micronesian Area Research Center. During the Spanish colonization of the Americas-era extension into the Marianas campaign (WWII) and subsequent Battle of Guam (1944), the surrounding terrain played roles in movement and logistics documented in accounts held by the National Archives and Records Administration and veterans organizations such as the Veterans of Foreign Wars. Postwar land use changes involved the U.S. Navy and civilian agencies including the Guam Housing and Urban Renewal Authority, while contemporary cultural festivals organized by the Guam Visitors Bureau sometimes reference the mountain in celebrations of Chamorro culture and Guam History Month observances.
Trail access to the mountain is coordinated through the Guam Department of Parks and Recreation with map data used by outdoor groups like the Guam Hiking Association and academic excursions from the University of Guam. Hikers often combine visits with site tours of nearby historical locations such as Fort Nuestra Señora de la Soledad and the Umatac Bay National Historical Park; safety advisories reference guidance from the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Guam Homeland Security/Office of Civil Defense. Access routes cross mixed public and private lands involving stakeholders such as the Guam Land Use Commission and local village mayors, and recreational planning aligns with visitor recommendations produced by the Guam Visitors Bureau.
Conservation planning for the mountain involves cooperative efforts among the Guam Department of Agriculture, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and community organizations including the Guam Preservation Trust and village councils of Talofofo and Umatac. Management priorities align with regional initiatives by the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council and biodiversity programs run in partnership with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and academic institutions like the University of Guam. Issues addressed include invasive species control as exemplified by brown tree snake mitigation projects, habitat restoration funded in part by grants from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and collaborative research with the Smithsonian Institution and the National Park Service on cultural resource protection.
Category:Landforms of Guam Category:Mountains of Oceania