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| Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo | |
|---|---|
| Name | Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo |
| Native name | Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo |
| Formed | 1964 |
| Jurisdiction | Chile |
| Headquarters | Santiago |
| Minister | Claudia Pascual |
Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo is a central executive institution of Chile responsible for promoting industrialization, trade, investment, tourism, and productivity. It coordinates with ministries such as Ministerio de Hacienda (Chile), Ministerio de Bienes Nacionales (Chile), Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (Chile) and agencies like Servicio Nacional de Turismo, CORFO, and SERNAC to implement policies that affect regions including Región Metropolitana de Santiago, Valparaíso Region, and Biobío Region. The portfolio interacts with international partners such as United States, China, European Union, Mercosur, and multilateral institutions like the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
The ministry traces its roots to economic administrations created during the presidency of Eduardo Frei Montalva and institutional reforms under Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez and Salvador Allende before evolving through the neoliberal restructuring of Augusto Pinochet and later democratic governments led by Patricio Aylwin, Ricardo Lagos, and Michelle Bachelet. Major milestones include creation of agencies such as CORFO during the Carlos Ibáñez del Campo era, trade liberalization under Pinochet economic policy architects, accession to agreements like the Chile–United States Free Trade Agreement (2003), and expansion of tourism promoted during Sebastián Piñera administrations. Structural reforms interacted with constitutional debates in the era of Michelle Bachelet and the 2019 social mobilizations associated with events in Plaza Baquedano and the subsequent constitutional process.
The ministry oversees subsecretariats and agencies including the Subsecretaría de Economía, Subsecretaría de Turismo, Subsecretaría de Fomento, Dirección de Asuntos Internacionales de Comercio, Servicio Nacional de Turismo (SERNATUR), Servicio Nacional del Consumidor (SERNAC), and Corporación de Fomento de la Producción (CORFO). It coordinates with regulatory bodies such as the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros, Banco Central de Chile, Subsecretaría de Telecomunicaciones (SUBTEL), and regional development agencies in Antofagasta, Atacama Region, and Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region. Competencies include oversight of sectors represented by guilds like Cámara de Comercio de Santiago, Sociedad de Fomento Fabril (SOFOFA), Asociación de Exportadores de Frutas de Chile (ASOEX), and industry players such as Codelco, Enap, Empresas CMPC, LATAM Airlines Group, and Falabella.
Policies and programs have targeted innovation via Fondo de Innovación para la Competitividad, entrepreneurship through Start-Up Chile and incubators linked to universities like Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile and Universidad de Chile, tourism promotion via campaigns in Valparaíso, Torres del Paine National Park, and Easter Island, and export promotion through initiatives involving ProChile and bilateral efforts with Japan–Chile Free Trade Agreement, Chile–European Union Association Agreement, and Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations. Sectoral programs address fisheries under the Subsecretaría de Pesca y Acuicultura, mining collaborations with Sociedad Nacional de Minería (SONAMI), and small business support via Servicio de Cooperación Técnica (SERCOTEC). Industrial policy interacts with clusters in Bío Bío and Antofagasta while tourism promotion leverages events like Festival de Viña del Mar and cultural heritage sites such as Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes.
Budgetary allocations are approved within frameworks established by Ministerio de Hacienda (Chile) and debated in the Congreso Nacional de Chile. Annual appropriations fund agencies like CORFO, SERNATUR, and SERNAC and finance programs in regions including La Araucanía Region and Los Lagos Region. Economic indicators monitored include Producto Interno Bruto de Chile, Inflación en Chile, Índice de Precios al Consumidor (Chile), foreign direct investment from China Investment Corporation and Japan Bank for International Cooperation, and export flows of copper from Codelco and agricultural products by Compañía de Cervecerías Unidas. Fiscal constraints have interacted with pension reforms tied to debates led by figures such as Camila Vallejo and Giorgio Jackson.
The ministry plays a central role in negotiating and implementing treaties including the Chile–United States Free Trade Agreement, Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, Chile–China Free Trade Agreement, Chile–European Union Association Agreement, and bilateral accords with Argentina, Peru, Brazil, Canada, Mexico, and Australia. It engages with multilateral fora such as the World Trade Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Inter-American Development Bank, and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. Cooperation projects link to United Nations Development Programme initiatives, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean programs, and investment promotion with entities like Export Development Canada and Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency.
The ministry has faced controversies over privatization policies implemented during the Pinochet dictatorship, disputes about mining royalties involving Codelco and private firms such as Antofagasta plc, criticism of trade liberalization effects on smallholders represented by Central Unitaria de Trabajadores and Asociación Nacional de Empleados Fiscales, and debates on tourism impacts in sensitive zones like Rapa Nui led by Rapa Nui Parliament. Regulatory conflicts have arisen with SERNAC enforcement actions, antitrust cases involving conglomerates such as Sociedad Comercial del Plata-linked firms, and labor disputes in sectors including retail with unions like Confederación de Trabajadores del Cobre. Environmental critiques concern projects near La Araucanía and Aysén Region, prompting litigation in courts including the Corte Suprema de Chile and interventions by organizations such as Comisión para el Mercado Financiero.