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| Marghine | |
|---|---|
| Name | Marghine |
| Settlement type | historical subregion |
| Subdivision type | Country |
| Subdivision name | Italy |
| Subdivision type1 | Region |
| Subdivision name1 | Sardinia |
| Subdivision type2 | Province |
| Subdivision name2 | Province of Sassari |
| Seat type | Capital |
| Seat | Macomer |
| Area total km2 | 709 |
| Population total | 35,000 |
| Population as of | 2016 estimate |
| Population density km2 | auto |
| Timezone1 | Central European Time |
| Utc offset1 | +1 |
| Timezone1 dst | Central European Summer Time |
| Utc offset1 dst | +2 |
Marghine is a traditional subregion on the island of Sardinia in Italy, centered on the town of Macomer and extending across the western interior of the Golfo dell'Asinara hinterland. The area links inland plateaus, limestone ranges and agricultural valleys that connect to routes toward Nuoro, Oristano, Sassari and Cagliari. Marghine has been shaped by prehistoric nuraghe cultures, medieval giudicati polities, and modern Italian administrative reforms.
Marghine lies between the Sardinian Sea coasts and the Gennargentu massif, bounded by the Sassarese plains and the Campidano basin and incorporating the Sartène-like limestone features of the Logudoro region. The territory includes river valleys such as the Tirso tributaries and karstic plateaus with outcrops similar to those around Monte Arci and Monte Albo. Vegetation ranges from Mediterranean maquis akin to that in Orosei to cultivated cereals characteristic of Oristano, while the climate reflects transitional patterns recorded in Cagliari Elmas Airport meteorological series. Major settlements link via roads toward Nuoro and Sassari and are served by rail connections historically tied to the Sardinian railway network.
Human presence in Marghine traces to the Nuragic civilization with nuraghi and sacred wells comparable to sites in Barumini and Santa Cristina (Sardinia). During the medieval era the territory fell under the Giudicato of Torres and later experienced feudalization under the Kingdom of Aragon and the House of Savoy. The area saw uprisings similar to the Sardinian Vespers periods and reforms enacted during the Eighty Years' War-era geopolitics of the western Mediterranean. In the 19th century Marghine was affected by the Italian unification processes linking local elites to the Piedmontese administration and by land reforms associated with the Agrarian reform in Italy. Twentieth-century developments include infrastructure projects from the Fascist regime and post‑war demographic shifts reflected in national censuses conducted by the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica.
Populations in Marghine have fluctuated with rural-to-urban migration trends seen across Sardinia, affecting towns such as Macomer, Bortigali, Tonara and Borore. The area preserves Sardinian language varieties related to Logudorese Sardinian and is influenced by linguistic scholarship from Max Leopold Wagner and institutions like the Accademia della Crusca. Ageing demographics mirror patterns observed in Italy and echo studies by the European Commission on peripheral regions. Religious life centers on parishes belonging to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Alghero-Bosa and local patronal festivals commemorated in municipal calendars.
Marghine's economy historically relied on mixed agriculture, pastoralism and small‑scale artisanal crafts comparable to economies in Barbagia and Campidano di Cagliari. Key products include cereals, olive oil and cheeses akin to Pecorino Sardo, with sheep husbandry integrated into supply chains linking to CONAD and regional markets in Sassari and Cagliari. Rural development programs funded through European Union cohesion instruments and regional policies administered by the Autonomous Region of Sardinia have supported agri‑tourism, artisanal food processing, and conservation efforts modeled after Trasformazione Alimentare initiatives. Small manufacturing and construction firms service infrastructure projects tied to provincial authorities.
Local culture preserves folk music and dance traditions related to cantu a tenore and polyphonic styles documented alongside performances in Nuoro festivals and by groups comparable to the Tenores di Bitti. Craftsmanship includes textile weaving, carpentry and stonework akin to practices in Santu Lussurgiu and Bosa, while gastronomy highlights dishes served during Sardinian Carnival events and patron saint feasts honoring figures associated with the Roman Martyrology. Folklore and archaeological heritage are interpreted in regional museums similar to those in Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Cagliari and during cultural initiatives backed by the Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale.
Administratively Marghine falls within the Province of Sassari and comprises municipalities including Macomer, Borore, Bortigali, Bonorva, Dualchi, Suni and other comuni recognized under Italian law. Local governance interacts with the Regional Council of Sardinia for planning and with provincial bodies coordinating services in education overseen by offices linked to the Ministero dell'Istruzione and health services integrated with the Azienda Sanitaria Locale networks. Municipal administrations participate in intercommunal cooperation projects modeled after EU territorial cooperation frameworks.
Transport links include regional roads connecting to the SS131 national highway corridor and rail services on the lines managed historically by Trenitalia and local operators. The nearest major ports and airports providing international links are Porto Torres and Cagliari-Elmas Airport, while local logistics benefit from provincial maintenance funded through regional infrastructure programs and European cohesion funds. Utilities and broadband rollout follow patterns of national plans administered in coordination with Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico and telecommunications operators active across Sardinia.