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| LAMOST quasar survey | |
|---|---|
| Name | LAMOST quasar survey |
| Location | Xinglong Observatory, Hebei, China |
| Established | 2008 |
| Telescope | Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope |
| Operator | Chinese Academy of Sciences |
LAMOST quasar survey
The LAMOST quasar survey is a large spectroscopic program conducted with the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, aimed at discovering and characterizing quasars across wide areas of the northern sky. It complements imaging and spectroscopic efforts by projects such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Pan-STARRS1 survey, the Dark Energy Survey, and the Gaia mission, producing catalogs used by researchers associated with institutions including the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Peking University, Harvard University, and the Max Planck Society. The program has produced redshift measurements, spectral classifications, and multi-epoch observations that feed into multi-wavelength studies involving telescopes such as the Very Large Array, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Hubble Space Telescope.
The survey exploits the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope at Xinglong Observatory to obtain spectra of quasar candidates drawn from imaging surveys like the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Pan-STARRS1 survey, the Two Micron All Sky Survey, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, and the Dark Energy Survey. Coordination and data analysis involve collaborations with organizations such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Astronomical Observatories of China, Peking University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, the Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, and the European Southern Observatory. The survey contributes to studies connected with cosmological probes used by teams at institutions including Princeton University, the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Cambridge, and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
LAMOST is a reflecting Schmidt telescope designed for high multiplex spectroscopy similar in purpose to instruments used by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Anglo-Australian Telescope, and the William Herschel Telescope. The focal plane accommodates thousands of fibers feeding spectrographs modeled in designs developed by groups at the National Astronomical Observatories of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and international partners. The survey strategy aligns with footprint maps from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Pan-STARRS1 survey, the Two Micron All Sky Survey, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, and the Galaxy Evolution Explorer, while calibration and cross-matching utilize standards from the Gaia mission, the Hubble Space Telescope, the James Webb Space Telescope, and ground facilities such as the Very Large Telescope and the Keck Observatory. Instrument performance, fiber positioning, and throughput tracking are benchmarked against programs affiliated with institutions like the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the Australian National University, and the University of Tokyo.
Target selection draws candidates from color cuts and variability catalogs produced by surveys including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Pan-STARRS1, the Dark Energy Survey, the Zwicky Transient Facility, Gaia, the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey, and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. Photometric flags and machine-learning classifiers have been developed in collaboration with groups at Peking University, Tsinghua University, Princeton University, Harvard University, and the University of Cambridge. Spectroscopy employs multi-fiber plates servicing thousands of targets per exposure, with spectrographs inspired by designs at the Anglo-Australian Telescope and the Subaru Telescope. Redshift estimation and emission-line fitting use algorithms comparable to those from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey pipeline, with line identifications cross-checked against line lists used by teams at Johns Hopkins University, Ohio State University, California Institute of Technology, and the University of Michigan.
Raw data reduction, flux calibration, sky subtraction, and coaddition are handled by pipelines developed by the National Astronomical Observatories of China and collaborating groups at Peking University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, and affiliated data centers. Catalogs include spectral classifications, redshifts, emission-line measurements, continuum fits, and flags that are cross-matched with entries from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog, the Million Quasars catalog, the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, the VizieR service at the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, and the SIMBAD database maintained by the Observatoire de Strasbourg. Data releases have been used by researchers at institutions such as the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute, the Royal Observatory Greenwich, the University of Toronto, and the European Space Agency for further analysis.
LAMOST has contributed to enlarging the census of quasars, discovering objects across redshift ranges studied by teams at Princeton University, the University of Cambridge, Harvard University, and the Max Planck Institute, and enabling studies of quasar luminosity functions, black hole mass scaling relations, and quasar variability. Results have been integrated into multi-wavelength investigations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, XMM-Newton, the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, the Spitzer Space Telescope, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, and radio follow-ups with the Very Large Array and the Low-Frequency Array. Studies exploiting LAMOST data involve collaborations with groups at Peking University, Tsinghua University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Caltech, Johns Hopkins University, and the University of Chicago, addressing topics also pursued by teams engaged with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Dark Energy Survey, and the eROSITA mission.
The survey complements and contrasts with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog, the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey, the Million Quasars catalog, the Pan-STARRS1 quasar searches, and the Dark Energy Survey spectroscopic follow-ups in terms of depth, spectral resolution, and sky coverage. Its multi-object fiber approach is conceptually similar to programs on the Anglo-Australian Telescope, the William Herschel Telescope, the Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph, and the Multi-Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph, while its northern sky focus overlaps with footprints from Gaia, the Two Micron All Sky Survey, and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. Cross-survey studies involve teams at the Max Planck Institute, Harvard University, Princeton University, the University of Cambridge, and the European Southern Observatory.
LAMOST datasets serve as legacy resources for researchers at institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Peking University, Tsinghua University, Harvard University, Princeton University, and the Max Planck Society, and they feed target lists for facilities including the James Webb Space Telescope, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, the European Extremely Large Telescope, and future radio arrays like the Square Kilometre Array. Continued reprocessing and cross-matching with Gaia, eROSITA, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, and future data from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory will expand the scientific yield for collaborations involving the Max Planck Institute, the Kavli Institute, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and numerous university groups worldwide.
Category:Quasar surveys