Kinks
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| Kinks | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | The Kinks |
| Caption | The Kinks in 1966: Ray Davies, Dave Davies, Pete Quaife, Mick Avory |
| Background | group_or_band |
| Origin | Muswell Hill, London, England |
| Years active | 1963–1996, 2018–present (reunions) |
| Labels | Pye Records, Reprise Records, RCA Records |
| Associated acts | Ray Davies, Dave Davies, The Who, The Rolling Stones |
Kinks are unconventional sexual interests, practices, or preferences distinct from normative sexual scripts. The term encompasses a wide array of activities associated with identity, leisure, performance, and subcultural affiliation described across clinical, legal, and cultural literatures. Discussions of kinks appear in research from sexology, psychology, anthropology, and law, and intersect with public figures, movements, communities, and media representations.
Definition and scope
Clinical and popular definitions derive from sources such as Sigmund Freud-era psychoanalysis, modern sexology influenced by researchers like Alfred Kinsey and Masters and Johnson, and diagnostic frameworks like the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Definitions distinguish between atypical sexual interests and paraphilic disorders listed in diagnostic texts, referencing criteria developed by organizations including the American Psychiatric Association and the World Health Organization. Scope covers consensual adult practices, fetishistic attractions studied by scholars such as John Money and Magnus Hirschfeld, and communities organized through venues like furries, BDSM networks, and online platforms pioneered by companies similar to Facebook and Reddit.
Types and practices
Practices range across sensory, role-based, and object-focused activities documented in ethnographies of subcultures involving figures like Annie Sprinkle and collectors described in media about fetish fashion and performance. Types include roleplay inspired by narratives referencing Victorian era aesthetics, bondage and discipline frameworks with historical links to practitioners like Marquis de Sade, dominance/submission dynamics paralleling consent models advocated by activists from Sex Workers Outreach Project and scholars associated with Kinsey Institute. Object-focused fetishes have been examined in legal cases and scholarship involving textiles, footwear, and prosthetics cited in patent and cultural archives housed at institutions such as the British Museum and the Library of Congress. Technologically mediated practices involve platforms developed by companies like Apple Inc., Google, and independent open-source projects facilitating community formation and content moderation debates.
History and cultural perspectives
Historical treatments trace to early modern erotic literature, through 19th-century sexological study by Magnus Hirschfeld and 20th-century research by Alfred Kinsey, Havelock Ellis, and Sigmund Freud. Postwar transformations involved underground scenes intersecting with movements like the Sexual Revolution and artists including Patti Smith and Andy Warhol who blurred boundaries between performance and private desire. Social visibility expanded via mass media exemplars such as films screened at festivals like the Cannes Film Festival and television programs regulated by bodies like the Federal Communications Commission. Cross-cultural scholarship compares practices in regions including Japan, Brazil, and India, and examines colonial encounters preserved in archives of institutions like the British Library and the Smithsonian Institution.
Psychology and motivation
Psychological theories draw on attachment research influenced by John Bowlby, cognitive-behavioral models propagated in clinical manuals from the American Psychological Association, and evolutionary hypotheses discussed in journals published by Oxford University Press and Cambridge University Press. Motivations include sensory preference, affect regulation, identity affirmation, and community belonging explored in qualitative studies by academics at universities such as Harvard University, University of California, Berkeley, and University of Toronto. Neurobiological research employs imaging facilities at centers like National Institutes of Health and universities collaborating with labs funded by agencies like the National Science Foundation. Social learning models reference media figures, celebrity case studies involving entertainers like Madonna and David Bowie, and the influence of subcultural networks convened at events such as Burning Man.
Health, safety, and consent
Best practices emphasize informed consent frameworks developed by advocacy groups such as Planned Parenthood and training curricula from professional bodies including the World Association for Sexual Health. Harm-reduction strategies mirror protocols in clinical settings run by hospitals like Mayo Clinic and Johns Hopkins Hospital, and community-based workshops offered by organizations such as RAINN and local LGBTQ+ centers. Safety techniques include risk-aware communication modeled after harm-minimization policies in venues run by promoters associated with festivals like SXSW and conventions sponsored by entities similar to Comic-Con International. Consent education references legal milestones and educational initiatives supported by foundations including the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Legal and ethical considerations
Legal discourse examines obscenity jurisprudence decisions by courts like the Supreme Court of the United States and comparative legislation in jurisdictions represented by bodies such as the European Court of Human Rights. Ethical debates engage professional codes from associations including the American Medical Association and the British Psychological Society, and legislative frameworks addressing consent and exploitation investigated by lawmakers in parliaments like the United Kingdom Parliament and legislatures of states within the United States Congress. Case law involving privacy, censorship, and trafficking has involved enforcement agencies such as Interpol and national prosecutors, and has prompted policy guidance from intergovernmental organizations like the United Nations.
Category:Sexuality