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| Jordanian dinar | |
|---|---|
| Name | Jordanian dinar |
| Local name | دينار أردني |
| Iso code | JOD |
| Introduced | 1950 |
| Subunit name | qirsh (piastre), fils |
| Subunit ratio | 1/100 |
| Issuing authority | Central Bank of Jordan |
Jordanian dinar is the official currency of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, introduced in 1950 and currently issued by the Central Bank of Jordan. It serves as the unit of account across the Greater Amman Municipality, Irbid Governorate, Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority and other governorates, and is widely used in transactions involving King Abdullah II, the House of Hashim and Jordanian public institutions. The dinar's role intersects with regional monetary arrangements involving Iraq, Syria, Palestine, Israel, and international partners such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and the European Central Bank.
The dinar replaced the Palestine pound and was initially pegged to the British pound sterling under agreements following the end of the British Mandate for Palestine and the establishment of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Currency reforms in the 1950s and 1960s reflected Jordanian policy responses to events including the Arab–Israeli conflict, the Six-Day War, and the influx of refugees after the 1948 Palestinian exodus. Economic adjustments under monarchs such as King Hussein of Jordan and later King Abdullah II involved engagements with institutions like the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to stabilize the dinar during periods linked to regional crises including the Gulf War (1990–1991) and the Iraq War (2003–2011). Monetary history features legislative acts passed by the Jordanian Parliament and administrative measures by the Ministry of Finance (Jordan) and the Central Bank of Jordan to manage reserves in foreign exchange and linkages with the United States dollar.
Coinage issues have included denominations in fils and qirsh (piastre), minted for circulation in urban centers such as Amman and Zarqa. Notable coin series were produced during the reigns of King Talal of Jordan, King Hussein of Jordan, and King Abdullah II of Jordan. Banknote series have commemorated events associated with the Arab League and featured imagery related to sites including Petra, Jerash, the Dead Sea, and the Amman Citadel. The Central Bank has issued commemorative banknotes and coin sets for anniversaries involving the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and diplomatic milestones with countries such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Turkey.
The dinar has at times been managed via exchange arrangements with major currencies including the United States dollar and the British pound sterling, with policy instruments implemented by the Central Bank of Jordan to control liquidity and reserves. Foreign exchange reserves are influenced by remittances from Jordanians working in Gulf Cooperation Council states such as Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Kuwait, and by tourism receipts from visitors to Petra, Wadi Rum, and the Dead Sea Region. Monetary policy responses have been coordinated with fiscal measures from the Ministry of Finance (Jordan) and multilateral lending from the International Monetary Fund during episodes of balance-of-payments pressure and regional instability associated with the Syrian Civil War.
The dinar functions as the primary medium of exchange in sectors including services concentrated in Amman and Aqaba, trade through the Port of Aqaba, and transactions in agricultural areas such as the Jordan Valley. Cross-border trade with Iraq, Syria, Israel, and Saudi Arabia affects demand for foreign currency and liquidity in dinars. The currency is accepted for public fees at institutions like the Jordanian Department of Antiquities and used in private banking services offered by banks such as the Arab Bank (Jordan), Jordan Ahli Bank, and Housing Bank for Trade and Finance. Remittance flows from diasporas in countries including United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia influence domestic consumption and capital formation.
Banknote and coin designs incorporate portraits of Hashemite monarchs including King Abdullah II of Jordan and historical motifs from sites such as Petra, the Roman Theatre (Amman), and the Qasr Amra. Security elements have evolved to include watermarks, security threads, color-shifting inks, and microprinting—features consistent with standards promoted by the Bank for International Settlements and anti-counterfeiting guidance from Europol and Interpol. The Central Bank collaborates with printing firms and minting partners and applies legal frameworks from the Jordanian General Intelligence Directorate and law enforcement agencies to deter counterfeiting.
Collectors and numismatists study Jordanian coinage and banknotes through societies and marketplaces such as the Royal Numismatic Society and auction houses that handle Middle Eastern currencies. Key collector interests include mint errors, specimen strikes, proof sets, and commemorative issues linked to events like Jordanian independence and royal jubilees of King Hussein of Jordan and King Abdullah II of Jordan. Academic research on Jordanian numismatics appears in journals affiliated with institutions such as the University of Jordan and museum catalogues from the Jordan Museum and international collections in institutions like the British Museum.
Category:Currencies of Asia Category:Economy of Jordan