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| Jatin Das (revolutionary) | |
|---|---|
| Name | Jatin Das |
| Caption | Jatin Das |
| Birth date | 27 October 1904 |
| Birth place | Dibrugarh, Assam Province, British India |
| Death date | 13 September 1929 |
| Death place | Lahore, Punjab, British India |
| Occupation | Revolutionary |
| Movements | Indian independence movement |
Jatin Das (revolutionary) was an Indian revolutionary associated with the Hindu–German Conspiracy-era networks and Hindustan Republican Association-style activism in the 1920s. He became notable for a prolonged hunger strike in Lahore while imprisoned by the British Raj, drawing attention from figures in the Indian National Congress, All India Trade Union Congress, Anushilan Samiti, and international observers. His death in custody intensified debates in the Viceroy's Executive Council, among Indian press organs such as The Hindu, Amrita Bazar Patrika, and in Labour movement circles across Britain, France, and United States.
Jatin Das was born in Dibrugarh in the Assam Province and educated at institutions in Calcutta, including schools influenced by the Bengal Renaissance and activists from the Jugantar movement. He studied in neighborhoods linked to the Indian Association, frequented libraries associated with the Bengal School of Art and read publications from the Anusilan Samiti, Biplabi, Yugantar, and Bengali periodicals edited by Aurobindo Ghose and Bipin Chandra Pal. Das’s family connections and schooling placed him in contact with members of the Non-Cooperation Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi, the Swaraj Party faction of the Indian National Congress, and contemporaries involved with the Ghadar Party diaspora.
Das participated in underground networks that exchanged ideas with the Ghadar Party, Jugantar, Anushilan Samiti, and younger militants inspired by the legacy of the Alipore Bomb Case defendants and the martyrdom of Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki. He was active in circles that coordinated with workers associated with the All India Trade Union Congress and students connected to the National Council of Education and Bengal Volunteers. Das’s activities included courier work, distribution of literature propagated by Chittaranjan Das sympathizers, coordination with cell operators influenced by Surya Sen and liaison with contacts in Punjab and Bihar who had links to exiled revolutionaries in Berlin and Geneva.
Arrested by provincial police in operations that involved coordination between Calcutta Police and the Punjab Police, Das was tried in courts administered under laws like the Criminal Procedure Code as implemented by the British Indian judiciary. His detention occurred alongside other detainees whose cases invoked legal figures from the Calcutta High Court and the Lahore Sessions Court, and prompted interventions by civil liberties advocates in the Indian National Congress, lawyers from the Calcutta Bar Association, and journalists at the Bombay Chronicle. During pretrial confinement he was held in facilities where earlier political prisoners such as Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev had been detained, and his treatment became a matter of correspondence between members of the Viceroy's Council and governors of the United Provinces and Punjab Province.
While held in Lahore Central Jail, Das undertook a sustained hunger strike to protest prison conditions and the treatment of political detainees, a tactic also used by contemporaries like Mahavir Singh and the later strike by Bhagat Singh’s associates. The strike drew attention from national leaders in the Indian National Congress, petitions by the All India Congress Committee, coverage in newspapers such as The Times of India and Amrita Bazar Patrika, and condemnations from international labour leaders in London and activists in Paris. Despite medical supervision by jail physicians reporting to colonial health authorities, Das succumbed after weeks of fasting; his death intensified scrutiny from members of the Viceroy's Executive Council, debates in the Imperial Legislative Council, and protests staged by groups including the Students Federation and trade unions.
Das’s death galvanized public mourning organized by Indian National Congress committees, cultural tributes by figures in the Bengal Renaissance, and commemorations in periodicals associated with Anushilan Samiti and Jugantar. Memorial meetings in Calcutta and Lahore featured speeches by leaders such as C.R. Das, Subhas Chandra Bose, and activists from the Forward Bloc and inspired poems by Rabindranath Tagore-era literary figures and essays in journals linked to the Indian freedom struggle. Monuments, plaques, and annual observances were later installed by municipal bodies in Dibrugarh, student unions at institutions influenced by the National Council of Education, and memorial committees formed by veterans of the Quit India Movement and post-independence legislators in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.
Category:Indian revolutionaries Category:1904 births Category:1929 deaths