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| Instituto de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Museo (IIAM) | |
|---|---|
| Name | Instituto de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Museo |
| Native name | Instituto de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Museo |
| Established | 20th century |
| Location | Peru |
| Type | archaeological research institute and museum |
Instituto de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Museo (IIAM) is a Peruvian research institute and museum focused on archaeological investigation, curation, and public dissemination. It operates at the intersection of field archaeology, conservation, and museology, engaging with regional heritage sites, national agencies, and international academic partners. The institute's activities span excavation, artifact analysis, exhibition, publication, and community outreach.
The institute traces its origins to mid-20th-century initiatives in Lima linked to the National University of San Marcos, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Ministry of Culture (Peru), and legacy collections from the Museo Nacional de Antropología, Arqueología e Historia del Perú. Early collaborations involved archaeologists associated with Julio C. Tello, Max Uhle, Hans Heinrich Brüning, Willem F. H. Müller, and researchers connected to the Smithsonian Institution and British Museum. During the 1960s and 1970s the institute expanded under influences from the Instituto Nacional de Cultura (Peru), exchanges with the University of Oxford, Harvard University, Yale University, University of Cambridge, and fieldwork models from the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Post-1990 reforms reflected policies of the Ministry of Culture (Peru), collaboration with the World Monuments Fund, and conservation advances inspired by the Getty Conservation Institute. The IIAM engaged with heritage crises involving sites such as Chan Chan, Caral, Nazca Lines, Moche Temples, and Kuelap.
The institute's mission aligns with frameworks promoted by UNESCO, ICOMOS, and the International Council of Museums. Governing bodies include a board with ties to the National Institute of Culture (Peru), academic councils from Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, and technical committees advising on conservation from the Getty Conservation Institute and Smithsonian Institution. Departments mirror functions at institutions like the British Museum and Musée du Quai Branly, including units for field research, curatorial affairs, conservation science, educational programming, and publications. Administrative links exist with the Municipality of Lima, provincial authorities in regions such as La Libertad, Lima Region, Ancash, and cultural agencies in Arequipa and Cusco.
IIAM teams conduct excavations modeled after methodologies developed at the Peabody Museum, American Museum of Natural History, and university field schools such as those at Brown University and University of California, Berkeley. Projects have focused on prehistoric coastal settlements, highland ceremonial centers, and lithic industries comparable to work at Caral and Chavín de Huántar. Research topics include ceramic typology influenced by comparative studies at Museo Larco, paleoenvironmental reconstruction paralleling programs at Columbia University, isotopic analysis in collaboration with Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, and zooarchaeology akin to programs at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Excavations have been carried out at sites near Pachacamac, Huaca Prieta, Pampa Grande, Sipán, Pucará, and in the Andes corridors associated with the Qhapaq Ñan.
The institute curates collections of textiles, ceramics, metalwork, and lithic assemblages comparable to holdings at the Museo Larco, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Arqueología e Historia del Perú, and Museo Tumbas Reales de Sipán. Exhibits emphasize interpretive frameworks used by Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge and the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden. Notable categories include Paracas textiles paralleling materials in the British Museum, Moche metalwork similar to items conserved at the Royal Ontario Museum, and Nazca pottery analogized with collections at the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera. Temporary exhibitions have been organized with institutions such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Kunsthistorisches Museum, National Museum of Anthropology (Mexico), and regional museums in Trujillo and Chiclayo.
Educational programs reflect partnerships with universities like Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, and international exchanges with University College London, Stanford University, and University of Chicago. Outreach initiatives mirror projects by Museo Nacional de Antropología, Arqueología e Historia del Perú and Museo del Banco Central de Reserva del Perú using school programs, public lectures, and community archaeology models from International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS). The institute publishes monographs, journals, and catalogues in formats similar to outputs from the Journal of Field Archaeology, Antiquity (journal), Latin American Antiquity, and university presses including Cambridge University Press and Oxford University Press.
IIAM maintains collaborative ties with international and regional organizations including UNESCO, ICOMOS, the Getty Conservation Institute, the Smithsonian Institution, the British Museum, Museo Larco, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, World Monuments Fund, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, National Geographic Society, Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation, European Union cultural programs, and municipal cultural offices in Lima, Trujillo, and Cusco. Academic partnerships extend to Harvard University, Yale University, University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Buenos Aires, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, and research institutes such as the Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano.
Facilities include laboratories for materials analysis modeled after the Getty Conservation Institute labs, wet labs similar to those at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, and storage systems following guidelines from International Council of Museums (ICOM). Conservation strategies incorporate methods from ICOMOS, analytical techniques pioneered at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, and preventive conservation approaches used by the British Museum and Museo Larco. Field conservation protocols are aligned with best practices promoted by the World Monuments Fund and training exchanges have been held with the Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University.
Category:Archaeological research institutes Category:Museums in Peru