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| Institute of State and Law | |
|---|---|
| Name | Institute of State and Law |
| Established | 1925 |
| Founder | Vladimir Lenin, Viktor Rozanov, Nikolai Bukharin |
| Type | Research institute |
| Location | Moscow, Russian Federation |
| Parent | Russian Academy of Sciences |
Institute of State and Law
The Institute of State and Law is a major research institute based in Moscow associated with the Russian Academy of Sciences and engaged in scholarly activity linked to Soviet Union history, Russian Federation law, and comparative legal studies. It intersects with institutions such as the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the Supreme Court of Russia, and ministries including the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia). The institute’s work has influenced legislation like the Constitution of the Russian Federation and treaties such as the Belavezha Accords.
Founded in the aftermath of the October Revolution and institutionalized under the Soviet Union system, the institute evolved through connections with figures such as Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Leon Trotsky, and jurists from the People's Commissariat for Justice (Soviet Union). During the Great Patriotic War the institute collaborated with entities like the Red Army legal departments and postwar reconstruction efforts tied to the Yalta Conference outcomes. In the late Soviet period the institute engaged with perestroika debates alongside participants in the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union, reformers working with Mikhail Gorbachev, and drafters of the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis responses. In the post-Soviet era it has interacted with policy makers involved in the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Council of Europe, and the United Nations.
The institute conducts comparative studies referencing legal systems of the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Germany, China, and Japan, contributing to legislative drafting for bodies like the State Duma and the Federation Council (Russia). It advises courts including the European Court of Human Rights, engages with international organizations such as the International Law Commission, the United Nations Human Rights Council, and the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe, and provides expertise for arbitration institutions like the International Court of Arbitration and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes. The institute’s functions include codification work related to codes like the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the Criminal Code of Russia, and model laws promoted by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law.
The institute comprises departments and centers named after jurists and scholars connected to institutions such as the Higher School of Economics (Russia), the Moscow State University, the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, and legal clinics tied to the European Court of Human Rights litigators. Its governance has involved members elected to academies including the Russian Academy of Sciences, appointments by the President of Russia, collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Science (Russia), and liaison roles with the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation.
Research programs span constitutional law, civil law, administrative law, international law, and human rights with publications compared alongside journals such as Vestnik of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Soviet Law Journal, Harvard Law Review, Yale Law Journal, European Journal of International Law, and periodicals connected to the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law. Monographs and commentaries reference works by scholars from Oxford University, Cambridge University, Columbia University, Stanford University, Duke University, and publishers such as Oxford University Press and Cambridge University Press, and are cited in judgments of the European Court of Human Rights and opinions of the International Court of Justice. The institute participates in projects with the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Council of Europe Venice Commission, and commissions similar to the Helsinki Commission.
The institute provides postgraduate supervision connected to doctoral programs at Moscow State University, the Higher School of Economics (Russia), and collaborative programs with foreign universities including Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Sorbonne University, University of Paris II Panthéon-Assas, University of Heidelberg, and University of Bologna. It offers seminars and summer schools attended by participants from courts such as the Constitutional Court of Kazakhstan, academies like the Kazakh National University, and ministries from states in the Commonwealth of Independent States. Training modules reference international instruments such as the European Convention on Human Rights, the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
The institute maintains partnerships and exchange agreements with the Max Planck Society, the Humboldt Foundation, the European University Institute, the World Intellectual Property Organization, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and networks including the International Association of Legal Science and the International Bar Association. It organizes conferences with delegations from the European Commission, the United Nations Development Programme, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and universities such as University of Cambridge, University of Oxford, Princeton University, and Yale University. It participates in comparative law initiatives alongside the International Law Association and regional dialogue forums like the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Eurasian Economic Union.
Prominent scholars and alumni include jurists and politicians who have served in institutions such as the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the Supreme Court of Russia, the State Duma, the Federation Council (Russia), and international bodies like the European Court of Human Rights and the International Court of Justice. Notable names linked through collaboration or alumni networks include figures associated with Andrei Sakharov, Sergei Kovalev, Konstantin Kavelin, Ilya Mechnikov, Veselin Vukotić, Dmitry Medvedev, Vladimir Putin, Yegor Gaidar, Boris Yeltsin, Alexei Navalny, Mikhail Khodorkovsky, Anatoly Sobchak, Sergei Naryshkin, Sergei Stepashin, Nikolai Patrushev, Elena Mizulina, Valentina Matviyenko, Viktor Chernomyrdin, Gennady Zyuganov, Boris Gryzlov, Viktor Zubkov, Viktor Ivanov, Igor Sechin, Alexander Bessmertnykh, Andrey Belyaninov, Igor Shuvalov, Garry Kasparov, Vladimir Ryzhkov, Grigory Yavlinsky, Sergey Shakhray, Anatoly Lukyanov, Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Alexandr Solzhenitsyn, Nikolai Karamzin, Dmitry Likhachev, Viktor Shklovsky, Mikhail Speransky, Sergei Witte, and Pyotr Stolypin.