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| Institute of Semiconductors RAS | |
|---|---|
| Name | Institute of Semiconductors RAS |
| Native name | Институт полупроводников РАН |
| Established | 1960 |
| Type | Research institute |
| Location | Moscow, Russia |
| Parent | Russian Academy of Sciences |
Institute of Semiconductors RAS is a research institute located in Moscow focused on semiconductor physics, micro- and nanoelectronics, and materials science. Founded within the framework of Soviet scientific institutions, the institute has participated in national programs and international collaborations across Europe, Asia, and North America. Its work intersects with major research centers, universities, and industrial firms involved in semiconductor manufacturing, optoelectronics, and quantum devices.
The institute was founded during a period of expansion of Soviet scientific infrastructure alongside institutions such as Soviet Academy of Sciences, Moscow State University, Lebedev Physical Institute, Kurchatov Institute, and Ioffe Institute, reflecting priorities set during the Khrushchev Thaw and projects related to the Soviet space program and Cold War technology competition. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s it collaborated with design bureaus associated with Ministry of Medium Machine Building, Ministry of Radio Industry, and enterprises like Mikoyan-Gurevich and Tupolev for avionics and sensors. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the institute adjusted funding models influenced by reforms of the Russian Academy of Sciences and engaged with programs initiated by the Government of the Russian Federation and agencies such as Rosatom and Russian Foundation for Basic Research. In the 21st century it expanded ties with universities including National Research University Higher School of Economics, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Saint Petersburg State University, and international partners like Max Planck Society, Fraunhofer Society, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Tsinghua University.
Research encompasses semiconductor physics, materials growth techniques, and device engineering with connections to topics studied at Bell Labs, IBM Research, Intel, Samsung Electronics, and TSMC. Core areas include epitaxial growth methods related to MOCVD and MBE, which parallel developments at CERN-adjacent materials labs and facilities used by groups at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and ETH Zurich. Work on compound semiconductors intersects with research on gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, silicon carbide, and heterostructures akin to studies by NIST, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, and Los Alamos National Laboratory. Photonics and optoelectronics programs relate to lasers and detectors investigated at Bell Telephone Laboratories, Riken, and JILA. Quantum device research engages themes explored by University of Oxford, Harvard University, California Institute of Technology, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, and Center for Quantum Technologies.
The institute's governance mirrors structures found at other Russian Academy entities like Steklov Institute of Mathematics and Pasternak Institute of Physics, with departments and laboratories comparable to divisions at Hitachi Research Laboratory, Siemens Research, and NTT Basic Research Laboratories. Divisions include materials science, device physics, microfabrication, and characterization units, coordinated by academic councils similar to those at Russian Academy of Sciences member institutes such as Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics and Institute for Information Transmission Problems. Administrative links connect to national funding bodies like Russian Science Foundation and international consortia including Horizon 2020 participants and programs run by European Research Council.
Facilities include cleanrooms, molecular beam epitaxy systems, and characterization tools comparable to equipment at CERN, Argonne National Laboratory, and Sandia National Laboratories. Laboratories host scanning probe microscopes used by groups at IBM Research and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, as well as spectroscopy suites akin to instruments at Max Planck Institutes and Brookhaven National Laboratory. The institute maintains device fabrication lines that parallel pilot facilities at Imec, CEA-Leti, and Tyndall National Institute for prototyping sensors, LEDs, and transistors. Computational resources support modeling efforts similar to projects at Los Alamos National Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
The institute has long-standing collaborations with academic partners such as Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Novosibirsk State University, Sevastopol State University, and industrial partners including Rostec, Rosnano, Micron, and multinational firms like Nokia, Sony, and Panasonic. It participates in multinational research networks with participants from European Commission programs and bilateral agreements with institutes like Korea Institute of Science and Technology and Chinese Academy of Sciences. Collaborative projects have involved standards and consortia similar to IEEE working groups and technology roadmaps akin to those by International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors.
Leadership and researchers have included figures active in Russian physics and materials science communities with ties to laureates of awards such as the Lenin Prize, State Prize of the Russian Federation, and memberships of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Scientist networks overlap with researchers from Zhores Alferov-related schools, colleagues of Nikolay Basov, and contemporaries connected to Andrei Sakharov-era physicists. Visiting scholars and collaborators have included scientists from Stanford University, Princeton University, University of Tokyo, and Seoul National University.
The institute's outputs have supported industrial developments in microelectronics, optoelectronics, and sensor technology analogous to contributions from Bell Labs and Fairchild Semiconductor, and have been recognized by national honors such as the Order of Lenin-era commendations and modern awards from bodies like the Russian Federation Government Prize in Science and Technology and grants from Russian Science Foundation. Its patents and technology transfers have informed products from domestic firms and influenced supply chains involving companies such as Micron Technology, STMicroelectronics, and Infineon Technologies.
Category:Research institutes in Russia Category:Organizations associated with the Russian Academy of Sciences