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| Indonesian Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystems Conservation | |
|---|---|
| Name | Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystems Conservation |
| Native name | Direktorat Jenderal Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam dan Ekosistem |
| Formed | 1945 |
| Jurisdiction | Indonesia |
| Parent agency | Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Indonesia) |
| Headquarters | Jakarta |
Indonesian Directorate General of Natural Resources and Ecosystems Conservation is a technical directorate within the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Indonesia) responsible for protection of terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity across Indonesia, stewardship of national parks in Indonesia, and implementation of statutory instruments such as the Law on Conservation of Living Resources and Their Ecosystems and the Law on Environmental Protection and Management. The directorate operates alongside agencies including the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (Indonesia), regional Provincial government (Indonesia) offices, and international partners such as the United Nations Environment Programme, coordinating conservation, monitoring, and law enforcement across archipelagic landscapes like Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Papua.
The directorate traces institutional antecedents to colonial-era forestry administrations under the Dutch East Indies and post-independence reorganizations during the Sukarno and Suharto periods, later consolidated under the formation of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Indonesia) in 2014. Milestones include alignment with international agreements such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, and national responses to crises like the 1997 Southeast Asian haze and the 2015 Indonesian forest fires. Institutional reforms followed national cabinet reshuffles under presidents Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and Joko Widodo, reflecting shifts in policy influenced by actors such as the World Wide Fund for Nature and the IUCN.
Statutory authority is grounded in instruments including the Law on Environmental Protection and Management and sectoral statutes governing forestry and wildlife, supplemented by ministerial regulations issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Indonesia). The directorate’s remit interacts with frameworks such as the Nagoya Protocol on access and benefit-sharing, the Ramsar Convention on wetlands, and regional instruments forged in forums like the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Legal enforcement works in concert with institutions including the Corruption Eradication Commission (Indonesia) when addressing illegal wildlife trade and with courts such as the Supreme Court of Indonesia for adjudication of environmental cases.
The directorate comprises directorates and units responsible for terrestrial conservation, marine and coastal ecosystems, species protection, law enforcement, and community engagement. It coordinates with subordinate agencies managing national parks of Indonesia, nature reserve (Indonesia), and marine protected areas, liaising with provincial offices in Aceh, West Papua, Central Kalimantan, and metropolitan hubs like Jakarta. Cross-cutting units engage with entities such as the Ministry of Home Affairs (Indonesia) on decentralization, the Ministry of Finance (Indonesia) on budgeting, and international donors including the World Bank and Asian Development Bank.
Core functions include establishment and management of protected areas, species recovery programs, habitat restoration, community-based conservation, environmental education, and enforcement against illegal logging and poaching. Signature programs have targeted flagship taxa like the Sumatran orangutan, Javan rhinoceros, and Komodo dragon, and landscapes such as the Leuser Ecosystem, Tanjung Puting National Park, and the Lorentz National Park. Programs often integrate funding and technical support from partners like the Global Environment Facility, Conservation International, and the Wildlife Conservation Society and align with national strategies such as the National Medium-Term Development Plan (Indonesia).
The directorate oversees networks of national park (Indonesia), nature reserve (Indonesia), wildlife sanctuary (Indonesia), and marine protected area (Indonesia), including UNESCO World Heritage sites such as Komodo National Park and Lorentz National Park. Protected species under management include the Sumatran tiger, Javan leopard, Bornean orangutan, Asian elephant, Sunda pangolin, Hawksbill sea turtle, and endemic flora in hotspots like Wallacea and the Sundaland. Collaborative programs address threats such as habitat fragmentation in Borneo and Sumatra, invasive species in island ecosystems like Sulawesi, and coral decline in the Coral Triangle.
Operational activities incorporate biodiversity surveys, satellite-based monitoring of deforestation, population censuses, genetic studies with institutions like the Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology and the Bogor Agricultural University, and law enforcement led by ranger units and special task forces. Enforcement actions coordinate with agencies such as the Indonesian National Police and the Attorney General's Office (Indonesia) to prosecute illegal logging, wildlife trafficking linked to networks crossing borders such as Singapore and China, and timber trade regulated under CITES. Research partnerships extend to universities and NGOs including University of Indonesia, Gadjah Mada University, and the Australian National University.
International engagement spans multilateral treaties—Convention on Biological Diversity, CITES, Ramsar Convention—and bilateral cooperation with nations such as Australia, United States, Japan, and Norway on finance, technical assistance, and transboundary conservation. Partnerships include multilateral development banks and conservation NGOs like the United Nations Development Programme, BirdLife International, and the Jane Goodall Institute, and regional initiatives within the ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity. These collaborations support implementation of the Paris Agreement–aligned land-use policies, REDD+ pilot projects, and capacity building for ranger programs and community stewardship.
Category:Conservation in Indonesia Category:Government agencies of Indonesia