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| ISO/IEC Guide 99 | |
|---|---|
| Title | ISO/IEC Guide 99 |
| Status | Withdrawn and integrated |
| Published | 2007 |
| Language | English |
ISO/IEC Guide 99.
ISO/IEC Guide 99 provided international guidance on quantities and units and on the use of the International System of Units, drawing on standards bodies and scientific institutions to harmonize practice. The guide addressed relationships among metrology organizations, national laboratories, and international bodies to promote traceability and consistency across measurement systems. It served as a normative reference for agencies involved with standards, calibration laboratories, and scientific publishers.
The guide outlined principles developed by standards organizations such as International Organization for Standardization, International Electrotechnical Commission, Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Comité International des Poids et Mesures, and national metrology institutes including National Institute of Standards and Technology, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom), and Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais. It referenced conventions used by editorial bodies like International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, International Astronomical Union, International Union of Crystallography, and scientific publishers including Nature (journal), Science (journal), and Oxford University Press. The guide connected practices from international conferences such as the General Conference on Weights and Measures and organizations like International Bureau of Weights and Measures and European Committee for Standardization.
The publication defined scope in coordination with organizations such as World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, International Maritime Organization, International Civil Aviation Organization, and standardization entities including European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization and International Telecommunications Union. Its purpose was to establish consistent notation, unit names, and symbols used by laboratories like National Physical Laboratory (India) and research institutes such as Max Planck Society, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and French National Centre for Scientific Research. It aimed to assist regulators like European Commission, funding agencies like National Science Foundation (United States), and editorial boards at American Chemical Society and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers to adopt uniform metrological language.
Chapters and annexes referenced recommendations from bodies such as International Organization for Standardization/Technical Committee 12, International Electrotechnical Commission/Technical Committee 25, Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology, and academic institutions like Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Cambridge, Harvard University, and University of Tokyo. Content included unit symbols, prefixes, quantity names, and rules of notation with examples citing practices in publications of Royal Society, American Physical Society, European Physical Society, and standards used by International Maritime Organization and International Civil Aviation Organization. The guide provided tables and concordances comparable to those in documents produced by Bureau International des Poids et Mesures and harmonized with glossaries maintained by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, World Meteorological Organization, and European Space Agency.
The guide situated itself relative to the International System of Units developed by Comité International des Poids et Mesures and promoted by Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, aligning with resolutions from the General Conference on Weights and Measures and referencing the work of scientific unions including International Union of Pure and Applied Physics and International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It coordinated with technical committees of International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission, and with legal metrology authorities such as International Organization of Legal Metrology and regional entities like European Committee for Standardization to ensure compatibility with regulatory frameworks in jurisdictions represented by institutions like National Institute of Standards and Technology and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt.
Adoption by national standards bodies, research organizations, and publishers involved parties such as American National Standards Institute, British Standards Institution, Association Française de Normalisation, Deutsches Institut für Normung, Standards Australia, and Standards Council of Canada. Implementation practices were adopted in calibration services at National Research Council (Canada), clinical laboratories accredited by bodies like Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, and industrial metrology departments at corporations such as Siemens, General Electric, and Toyota. Training and dissemination occurred through conferences including International Conference on Metrology, workshops by International Vocabulary of Metrology contributors, and curricula at universities like ETH Zurich and Imperial College London.
Development involved experts from institutions including Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, International Organization for Standardization, International Electrotechnical Commission, and national laboratories such as National Institute of Standards and Technology and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. Revisions reflected changes in the SI adopted at sessions of the General Conference on Weights and Measures and inputs from scientific unions like International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, International Astronomical Union, and International Union of Crystallography. Amendments paralleled updates to standards such as ISO 80000 and were discussed in forums attended by delegates from European Commission, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and regional standards committees.
The guide influenced harmonization efforts across metrology communities including International Organization of Legal Metrology, Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology, and national institutes such as National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom). It faced criticism from some academic editors and technical experts at institutions like Royal Society of Chemistry and American Institute of Physics regarding prescriptive wording, and from industry stakeholders at International Chamber of Commerce over implementation costs. Debates occurred in meetings of General Conference on Weights and Measures and workshops by International Organization for Standardization about whether guidance should be normative or advisory, and how to reconcile editorial practices in journals such as Nature (journal), Science (journal), and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Category:Standards