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| Gremyashchiy-class corvette | |
|---|---|
| Name | Gremyashchiy-class corvette |
| Native name | Проект 20385 «Гремящий» |
| Type | Corvette |
| Builder | Admiralty Shipyards |
| Operator | Russian Navy |
| In service | 2018–present |
| Displacement | 2,200 t (full) |
| Length | 104.5 m |
| Beam | 13 m |
| Draught | 4 m |
| Propulsion | Combined diesel and gas |
| Speed | 27+ kn |
| Range | 4,000 nmi |
| Complement | ~99 |
| Sensors | Zaslon, Furke-4, Axis-N |
| Armament | UKSK, A-190 100 mm, AK-630M, Redut VLS |
Gremyashchiy-class corvette is a modern Russian littoral combatant developed under Project 20385 for Russian Navy service, intended to operate in the Barents Sea, Baltic Sea, and Pacific Ocean littorals alongside frigates such as the Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate. Designed during the 2010s by Almaz Shipbuilding Company and built at Admiralty Shipyards, the class reflects evolving concepts from earlier projects including Steregushchiy-class corvette and Project 20380, aiming to balance anti-surface, anti-air, and anti-submarine capabilities for the Northern Fleet, Baltic Fleet, Black Sea Fleet, and Pacific Fleet.
Design work on Project 20385 traces to requirements set by the Ministry of Defence (Russian Federation) and the Main Naval Staff to replace aging Soviet-era patrol craft and augment forces alongside Project 20380 vessels, drawing on experience from Admiral Gorshkov program lessons and the Severnaya Verf modernization initiatives. Naval architects at Almaz Shipbuilding Company and engineers at Admiralty Shipyards incorporated stealth shaping learned from Project 20380 and modular mission bay concepts observed in Western designs such as the Littoral Combat Ship and Type 26 frigate studies, while coordinating systems integration with firms like NPO Avrora and Concern Morinformsystem-Agat. The project was influenced by strategic directives from President Vladimir Putin and procurement plans overseen by Defense Minister Sergey Shoygu, timed amid shipbuilding investment programs for the Arctic and fleet renewal initiatives linked to the State Armament Program 2011–2020.
Armament centers on a universal UKSK vertical launch complex capable of deploying P-800 Oniks, Kalibr cruise missiles, and Tsirkon-type hypersonic weapons, complemented by a Redut (VLS) system for surface-to-air missiles derived from S-350 Vityaz family technologies. Naval gunfire is provided by the A-190 100 mm artillery mount designed by Instrument Design Bureau (Zenit), while close-in defense includes the AK-630M and the Palma CIWS developed by KBP Instrument Design Bureau. Anti-submarine warfare is supported by lightweight torpedoes fired from standard A-307 torpedo tubes and rocket-assisted depth charges analogous to systems used on Udaloy-class destroyer ASW variants. The sensor suite integrates the Zaslon radar produced by Radio Electronic Technologies (KRET), the Furke-4 radar from Almaz-Antey subsidiaries, the Peresvet sonar family linked to Tsentral Research Institute "Agat", and navigation aids from Sukhoi-suppliers, enabling combined surface search, air surveillance, and sub-surface detection for coordinated tasks with Ka-27 helicopters and unmanned systems.
Propulsion employs a combined diesel and gas turbine arrangement with powerplants supplied by Zvezda or Kolomna diesel engines and gas turbines derived from designs by Saturn Research and Production Association (NPO Saturn), enabling speeds exceeding 27 knots and endurance suited for regional operations. The hull form and acoustic treatments adopted from collaborations with Sevmash-associated design bureaus aim to reduce radar cross-section and acoustic signature for anti-submarine survivability similar to measures applied on Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate. Endurance figures and range permit sorties of several thousand nautical miles allowing deployments from bases such as Severomorsk, Baltiysk, Sevastopol, and Vladivostok.
Keel-laying and construction were managed by Admiralty Shipyards in Saint Petersburg with industrial coordination from United Shipbuilding Corporation. The lead ship entered service with Northern Fleet commissioning ceremonies attended by representatives from the Ministry of Defence (Russian Federation), while follow-on units experienced schedule adjustments tied to sanctions affecting suppliers such as Siemens and component rework obligations to domesticize systems through firms like Transport Machine-Building Investment Company and Ruselectronics. Ships of the class have been deployed on patrols, escort missions, and presence operations, operating from naval bases at Murmansk, Baltiysk, and Vladivostok.
Planned variants include export-adapted configurations with alternative combat systems offered by Rostec and hull modifications considered by Kronstadt Group to accommodate different sensor packages, weapons mixes, or propulsion options for clients in India, Vietnam, and Egypt. Domestic modifications have included integration trials for Tsirkon missile launches, upgraded electronic warfare suites from KRET, and trial installations of unmanned surface vessel control stations inspired by research at Kronstadt and Marine Innovations Research Center partnerships.
Gremyashchiy-class corvettes have participated in multinational and national exercises including Zapad-series training, Ocean Shield-like patrols, and bilateral drills with China and India navies, conducting anti-submarine warfare drills alongside Udaloy-class destroyer units and combined missile firings coordinated with Kalibr strike groups. Crews undertake interoperability training with Russian Naval Aviation assets such as Ka-27 and MiG-equipped carriers, and participate in live-fire trials observed by delegations from the Ministry of Defence (Russian Federation) and United Shipbuilding Corporation.
Export discussions have been reported with navies of India, Vietnam, Egypt, Algeria, and Indonesia, with industrial proposals managed through Rosoboronexport and technical dialogues involving Rostec affiliates, while international interest has been shaped by comparisons to European corvette programs like Braunschweig-class corvette and K130 corvette studies. Negotiations consider local production, technology transfer, and sanctions-era constraints that have affected system availability, prompting potential customers to weigh domestic systems from Rostec and indigenous sensor suites from firms such as Tikhomirov NIIP.
Category:Corvette classes Category:Corvettes of the Russian Navy