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| Government of Spain (2018–present) | |
|---|---|
| Name | Government of Spain (2018–present) |
| Incumbents | Pedro Sánchez, Pedro Sánchez government |
| Jurisdiction | Kingdom of Spain |
| Formed | 2018 |
| Political party | Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Unidas Podemos, PSOE |
| Legislature status | Minority coalition, confidence-and-supply agreements |
| Election | 2019 Spanish general election |
| Head of state | Felipe VI |
Government of Spain (2018–present) The Government of Spain (2018–present) began with a change of executive leadership in the Kingdom of Spain and has included coalitional arrangements, parliamentary negotiations, and repeated electoral contests involving parties such as the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, People's Party (Spain), Vox (political party), Podemos, and Ciudadanos. It has operated under the constitutional framework established by the Constitution of Spain and interacted with institutions including the Congress of Deputies, the Senate of Spain, the Moncloa Palace, and the Supreme Court of Spain.
In June 2018 a motion of no confidence in the government of Mariano Rajoy was tabled by Pedro Sánchez of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and supported by groups including Unidas Podemos, Catalan Republican Left, Basque Nationalist Party, and EH Bildu, resulting in the ouster of Rajoy and formation of a new executive, after political developments tied to events such as the Gürtel case, the Audiencia Nacional, and controversies involving Santiago Abascal and Pablo Casado. The resulting government formation involved negotiations with parliamentary groups from Catalonia and the Basque Country and later required the 2019 general election processes and the role of the King of Spain in investiture procedures under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.
The administration has been led by Pedro Sánchez as Prime Minister and includes coalition partners such as Irene Montero, Pablo Iglesias Turrión, Nadia Calviño, Yolanda Díaz, and ministers from both the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and Unidas Podemos. Key institutional figures interacting with the government include Felipe VI, the presidents of the Congress of Deputies and the Senate of Spain, leaders of opposition parties such as Pablo Casado, Santiago Abascal, and Inés Arrimadas, as well as judicial actors including the General Council of the Judiciary and the Audiencia Nacional. Administrative leadership has also involved regional presidents like Quim Torra, Isabel Díaz Ayuso, Arnaldo Otegi, and Iñigo Urkullu in intergovernmental negotiations.
The legislative program emphasized initiatives such as social measures advocated by Sánchez and Irene Montero, economic policies shaped by Nadia Calviño and the Ministry of Economy (Spain), and labor reforms associated with Yolanda Díaz and the Ministry of Labour. Legislation pursued included changes related to the General State Budget, reforms to the Statute of Autonomy, measures addressing the Catalan independence movement, and laws dealing with issues tied to the European Union directives, the European Commission, and funding from the Next Generation EU recovery plan. The program interacted with parliamentary mechanisms in the Congress of Deputies and coalition dynamics involving Unidas Podemos, ERC, and PNV.
Domestic reforms encompassed policies on social welfare defended by Sánchez and Irene Montero, labor and pension changes influenced by Yolanda Díaz and debates in the Congress of Deputies, housing regulation initiatives contested by Communities of Madrid and Barcelona City Council, and public health measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic with coordination involving the Ministry of Health (Spain), regional health ministries, and international bodies like the World Health Organization. Criminal justice and anti-corruption measures responded to rulings from the Supreme Court of Spain and the Audiencia Nacional, while educational and cultural policies engaged institutions such as the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, the Spanish National Research Council, and regional governments of Andalusia and Catalonia.
The government's foreign policy featured relations with the European Union, negotiation with the European Commission over economic recovery funds, participation in NATO deliberations, and bilateral diplomacy with nations including United States, France, Germany, Morocco, and Argentina. Spain's position on Catalan independence referendum issues affected interactions with the Council of Europe, the United Nations, and judicial cooperation with courts such as the Audiencia Nacional and foreign authorities in cases invoking the European Arrest Warrant. The administration also engaged with multilateral initiatives including climate policy under the Paris Agreement, Mediterranean cooperation forums, and development aid coordinated with the United Nations Development Programme.
The period saw crises including the COVID-19 pandemic public health emergency, political tensions over the Catalan independence movement including trials held by the Supreme Court of Spain, fragmentation of the party system with the rise of Vox (political party), challenges from opposition leaders like Pablo Casado and Santiago Abascal, and institutional disputes involving the General Council of the Judiciary and the King of Spain regarding transparency and accountability. Economic shocks tied to the European debt crisis aftermath and debates over budget approvals involved negotiations with regional parties such as Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya and Basque Nationalist Party.
Public opinion polling by institutions like the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas reflected fluctuating support for Sánchez, Unidas Podemos, People's Party (Spain), and Vox (political party), while electoral outcomes in the 2019 Spanish general election and subsequent regional elections shaped assessments of governance. Scholarly analyses in journals addressing European integration and comparative politics evaluate the administration's impact on Spain's welfare state, relations with the European Union, and the restructuring of the Spanish party system in the era marked by coalition governance and institutional tensions.