Gliese Catalogue — LLMpedia

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Gliese Catalogue The Gliese Catalogue is a compilation of nearby stellar objects compiled for use in stellar kinematics, stellar classification, exoplanet searches, and observational planning. It has informed projects by institutions such as European Southern Observatory, Harvard College Observatory, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and influenced surveys like Hipparcos, Gaia, Kepler space telescope, Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. The catalogue underpins target lists for facilities including Very Large Telescope, Hubble Space Telescope, Atacama Large Millimeter Array, James Webb Space Telescope, and observatories operated by Max Planck Society.

History and Development

The initiative began with astronomer Wilhelm Gliese in association with institutions such as Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities and was contemporaneous with work at Yerkes Observatory, Mount Wilson Observatory, Palomar Observatory, and Lick Observatory. Early development drew on parallaxes measured by projects at Royal Observatory, Greenwich, Utrecht Observatory, US Naval Observatory, and teams collaborating with Carnegie Institution for Science. The catalogue’s evolution paralleled milestones like the advent of photoelectric photometry used in Harvard Plate Collection, the publication practices of Astronomische Nachrichten, and the data releases from missions such as Hipparcos and later Gaia led by the European Space Agency. Influences included stellar proper motion surveys by researchers at University of California, Berkeley, Smithsonian Institution, and contributions from astronomers associated with Max Planck Institute for Astronomy.

Entries follow a numbering convention adopted to index nearby stars for observational programs at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, Kitt Peak National Observatory, and facilities operated by National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Designations are widely used alongside identifiers from catalogues such as Henry Draper Catalogue, Bonner Durchmusterung, Two Micron All-Sky Survey, Tycho Catalogue, Bright Star Catalogue, and Washington Double Star Catalog. Cross-referencing enables coordination with projects at Space Telescope Science Institute, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and research groups at Caltech, MIT, Stanford University. The system facilitates linking to datasets from Sloan Digital Sky Survey, ROSAT, Chandra X-ray Observatory, and Spitzer Space Telescope.

Notable nearby stars indexed have been central to key discoveries by teams at Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Arizona, University of Geneva, and collaborations like the Anglo-Australian Observatory exoplanet programs. Targets in the catalogue have yielded exoplanet detections announced in journals associated with Royal Astronomical Society, Nature (journal), Science (journal), and conferences organized by International Astronomical Union. Observations linking catalogue entries to phenomena studied at Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, European Southern Observatory, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, and Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias have been cited in works by researchers at University of Cambridge, Princeton University, University of Oxford, and Columbia University.

Subsequent revisions and supplements were coordinated with data from missions and organisations such as Hipparcos (ESA), Gaia (ESA), Two Micron All-Sky Survey (IPAC), and surveys by Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. Successor catalogues and compilations by groups at Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Astronomical Netherlands Institute for Space Research, and projects like the Geneva-Copenhagen Survey integrated Gliese-based identifiers. Modern cross-match efforts involve resources maintained by Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, SIMBAD, and data centers at Space Telescope Science Institute.

The catalogue has been used extensively by instrument teams at European Southern Observatory, Keck Observatory, Subaru Telescope, and analysis groups at Harvard University, Yale University, University of Chicago, and University of California, Santa Cruz. It serves as a foundation for exoplanet follow-up by collaborations including California Planet Search, HARPS consortium, Anglo-Australian Planet Search, and for astrometric programs tied to VLBI networks coordinated by International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry. The catalogue’s identifiers are integrated into archives at NASA Exoplanet Archive, Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes, and institutional repositories at European Southern Observatory.

Primary data originated from parallax and proper motion measurements compiled from observatories such as US Naval Observatory, Yerkes Observatory, Royal Greenwich Observatory, and supplemented by photometry from Two Micron All-Sky Survey, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, ROSAT All-Sky Survey, and infrared data processed at Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Methodological advances incorporate calibration techniques developed at Harvard College Observatory, reduction pipelines used by Gaia teams, and statistical treatments published by researchers at Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, University of Cambridge, and University of Tokyo.

Category:Star catalogues