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| Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. | |
|---|---|
| Name | Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. |
| Launched | 2019 |
| Lead agency | United States Department of Health and Human Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| Partners | Health Resources and Services Administration; National Institutes of Health; State of New York; State of California |
| Goal | Reduce new HIV infections by 90% by 2030 |
| Status | Ongoing |
Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. is a federal initiative launched in 2019 that aims to dramatically reduce new HIV infections in the United States through targeted public health action. It coordinates agencies such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Health Resources and Services Administration, and the National Institutes of Health with state and local partners including the New York State Department of Health and the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health. The initiative builds on biomedical advances exemplified by antiretroviral therapy, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and population-level strategies informed by surveillance systems like the National HIV Surveillance System.
The epidemiologic rationale draws on decades of surveillance from entities such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization, and research institutions including Johns Hopkins University, Harvard University, and the University of California, San Francisco. Historical milestones influencing the response include landmark studies by David Ho and approvals by the United States Food and Drug Administration of antiretroviral regimens and preventive agents. Populations disproportionately affected have been documented in analyses by the Kaiser Family Foundation, the American Public Health Association, and the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, highlighting elevated incidence among communities in Atlanta, Georgia, Miami, Florida, New York City, San Francisco, and rural counties in the Southern United States. Surveillance reports cite risk groups identified in studies from Brown University, University of Pennsylvania, and Columbia University.
The federal plan, announced by the United States Department of Health and Human Services and detailed in briefings from the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, sets the 2030 target and three phases: Diagnose, Prevent, and Treat. Strategic partners named in implementation frameworks include the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Indian Health Service, and state health departments such as the Florida Department of Health and the Texas Department of State Health Services. The strategy aligns with international commitments referenced by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and adapts guidance from advisory bodies like the Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS.
Prevention emphasizes scale-up of pre-exposure prophylaxis programs modeled on trials led by investigators at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Boston University, and ViiV Healthcare collaborations. Harm reduction approaches draw on evidence from the Syringe Services Program evaluations, advocacy by Harm Reduction Coalition, and programs in cities like Seattle and Philadelphia. Public health campaigns leverage partnerships with community organizations such as Planned Parenthood Federation of America, The Trevor Project, and Lambda Legal to reach populations engaged with clinical centers at Mount Sinai Health System and Emory University Hospital. Vaccine research coordinated with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and trials at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center inform longer-term prevention prospects.
The initiative stresses rapid testing and linkage to care, integrating diagnostics from manufacturers approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and laboratory networks including Quest Diagnostics and LabCorp. Clinical care models draw from treatment-as-prevention evidence advanced by clinicians at Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and community clinics supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration. Co-management of comorbidities incorporates guidelines from the American Heart Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and substance use treatment protocols promoted by Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
Funding streams combine allocations from the United States Congress, grants administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and research awards from the National Institutes of Health. Implementation has engaged municipal governments including Chicago, Houston, and Detroit, philanthropic partners such as the Gates Foundation and the MacArthur Foundation, and private-sector participants including pharmaceutical firms like Gilead Sciences and Merck & Co.. Cross-sector collaborations include university consortia at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and University of California, Los Angeles and community networks represented by Black AIDS Institute and Gay Men's Health Crisis.
Early reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and program evaluations at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health document reductions in modeled incidence in some jurisdictions but persistent hotspots in metropolitan areas like Jacksonville, Florida and rural counties in Mississippi and Alabama. Challenges cited by analyses from the Kaiser Family Foundation, Urban Institute, and Brookings Institution include disparities in access highlighted in studies from Rutgers University and University of Michigan, workforce shortages reported by the American Public Health Association, and supply-chain issues impacting clinics affiliated with Federally Qualified Health Centers. Outcomes measured include rates of viral suppression tracked by the National HIV Surveillance System and programmatic metrics reported to the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health.
Public debates have involved policymakers in the United States Senate, advocacy by civil society organizations such as ACT UP and SERO Project, and litigation addressed by courts including the Supreme Court of the United States in contexts related to nondiscrimination and access to care. Controversies center on prioritization of resources debated in hearings before the United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce, pricing and access contested with manufacturers like Gilead Sciences, and intersections with immigration policy overseen by the Department of Homeland Security and United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. Ethical and equity critiques have been advanced in scholarship from Yale University, Princeton University, and New York University.
Category:HIV/AIDS in the United States