This article was accepted into the corpus but its outbound wikilinks were never NER-processed — typical at the deepest BFS hop or when the run's entity cap was reached. No expansion funnel to show.
| Doing Business | |
|---|---|
| Name | Doing Business |
| Type | Conceptual framework |
| Industry | Commerce |
| Founded | N/A |
| Headquarters | N/A |
| Products | N/A |
Doing Business
Doing Business describes the processes, structures, and activities involved in creating, running, and scaling commercial enterprises. It encompasses interactions among entrepreneurs, firms, and institutions across jurisdictions and sectors, drawing on practices evident in places such as Wall Street, Silicon Valley, Shenzhen, Frankfurt, and Dubai. Scholars and practitioners reference case studies from Ford Motor Company, Apple Inc., The Coca-Cola Company, Unilever, and Toyota Motor Corporation to illustrate operational models, while policymakers compare reforms inspired by reports from World Bank Group, International Monetary Fund, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Business activity spans firm formation, resource allocation, production, marketing, and distribution as observed in historical examples like British East India Company, De Beers, and Standard Oil. Influences include regulatory regimes such as the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, market institutions like NASDAQ, and infrastructural networks exemplified by Port of Rotterdam and Panama Canal. Cross-border trade patterns reference agreements including the North American Free Trade Agreement, European Union Single Market, and World Trade Organization frameworks, while performance metrics draw on indicators used by Bloomberg, Forbes, Fortune (magazine), and Harvard Business Review.
Entrepreneurship pathways reflect examples from founders like Steve Jobs, Elon Musk, Madam C. J. Walker, Anita Roddick, and Jack Ma who navigated processes such as company registration with agencies like Companies House and licensing authorities akin to Securities and Exchange Commission (United States). Steps include choosing legal forms seen in cases of Berkshire Hathaway (holding company) or Shell plc (multinational corporation), securing intellectual property via United States Patent and Trademark Office, and accessing incubation similar to Y Combinator, Techstars, and MassChallenge. Market validation often uses distribution channels established by Walmart, Alibaba Group, and Amazon (company).
Regulatory compliance invokes statutes and supranational instruments such as the General Data Protection Regulation, Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and Basel Accords. Enforcement actors include courts like the Supreme Court of the United States, tribunals such as the International Court of Justice, and regulators exemplified by Financial Conduct Authority, European Central Bank, and Securities and Exchange Board of India. Standards and certifications come from bodies like International Organization for Standardization, International Electrotechnical Commission, and sectoral agencies such as Food and Drug Administration and Federal Aviation Administration.
Operational models draw on practices from manufacturers like General Motors, service firms such as McDonald's, and platforms like Uber Technologies and Airbnb. Management doctrines trace to theorists and institutions connected with Peter Drucker, Michael Porter, Clayton Christensen, and Wharton School or INSEAD curricula. Supply chain examples reference Maersk, DHL, and inventories managed via principles like Toyota Production System and techniques used by Six Sigma practitioners. Human capital issues involve unions like AFL–CIO and workplace models influenced by policies of Google (company) and Microsoft.
Capital formation occurs through equity markets such as New York Stock Exchange and London Stock Exchange, private finance from firms like BlackRock and Goldman Sachs, and venture capital from firms exemplified by Sequoia Capital and Andreessen Horowitz. Taxation regimes vary under instruments including Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and bilateral treaties like Double Taxation Agreement (United Kingdom–United States), with enforcement by authorities such as Internal Revenue Service and Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs. Corporate finance techniques cite models from Modigliani–Miller theorem scholars and case implementations by General Electric and Siemens.
Entering markets involves strategic choices illustrated by Netflix's international rollout, IKEA's franchising, and Starbucks' expansion strategies. Competition law and antitrust considerations reference landmark cases like United States v. Microsoft Corp., legislation such as the Sherman Antitrust Act, and authorities including the Federal Trade Commission and European Commission (EC)'s Directorate-General for Competition. Trade policy and barriers are shaped by episodes like US–China trade war and agreements such as Trans-Pacific Partnership, while localization strategies mirror practices in India, Brazil, and China.
Risk management addresses financial crises exemplified by 2008 financial crisis, operational disasters like Deepwater Horizon, and geopolitical shocks tied to events including Arab Spring and COVID-19 pandemic. Ethical frameworks draw on scandals involving Enron, Volkswagen emissions scandal, and Theranos, and governance standards promoted by International Finance Corporation and United Nations Global Compact. Corporate social responsibility programs follow models from Ben & Jerry's, sustainability reporting aligned with Global Reporting Initiative, and climate commitments resonant with the Paris Agreement.
Category:Business