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| Dirección Nacional de Flora y Fauna | |
|---|---|
| Name | Dirección Nacional de Flora y Fauna |
| Native name | Dirección Nacional de Flora y Fauna |
| Formed | 20th century |
| Jurisdiction | Argentina |
| Headquarters | Buenos Aires |
| Parent department | Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable |
Dirección Nacional de Flora y Fauna is a national agency responsible for the management, protección and regulación of plant and animal species within Argentina. It operates within the framework of national environmental policy coordinated with provincial authorities such as Provincia de Buenos Aires and Provincia de Santa Fe and interfaces with regional bodies like Mercosur and international organizations including United Nations Environment Programme, World Wildlife Fund and Convention on Biological Diversity. The office has intersected with landmark legislation such as the Ley de Protección de la Fauna and policy instruments developed under administrations from Carlos Menem to Alberto Fernández.
The institution traces roots to early 20th-century conservation efforts influenced by figures such as Florentino Ameghino and institutional predecessors including the Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero and the Dirección de Bosques. During the 1950s and 1960s it intersected with programs led by the Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria and initiatives related to Parque Nacional Iguazú and Parque Nacional Los Glaciares. Reorganizations in the 1990s under the Carlos Menem administration and subsequent policy shifts during the Néstor Kirchner period reshaped its mandate, responding to international agreements like the Río de Janeiro Earth Summit and instruments such as the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
Organizationally the Dirección depends on the Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable and interfaces with ministerial bodies such as the Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca and provincial secretarías including the Ministerio de Ambiente de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Its internal divisions mirror standard conservation agencies: units for biodiversity assessment linked to the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, regulatory sections coordinating with the Administración de Parques Nacionales, scientific research programs tied to universities like the Universidad de Buenos Aires and Universidad Nacional del Litoral, and enforcement liaison with agencies such as the Prefectura Naval Argentina and Policía Federal Argentina.
Mandates include species inventory and red list assessments aligned with the International Union for Conservation of Nature, permitting for wildlife trade under the CITES framework, habitat protection coordination with Parques Nacionales, and oversight of captive breeding programs often linked to institutions like the Jardín Botánico Carlos Thays and the Bioparque de Temaikén. The Dirección issues authorizations that intersect with laws such as the Ley de Bosques Nativos and enforcement mechanisms used in cases related to tráfico de fauna and illegal logging prosecuted through tribunals including the Cámara Federal de Apelaciones de Córdoba.
Major programs have included recovery plans for emblematic species like the huemul, jaguar, guanaco and ñandú, habitat restoration in ecosystems such as the Yungas, Pampa, Patagonia and Delta del Paraná, and invasive species control projects addressing Ailanthus altissima and Silvesteria peruviana. Collaborative projects with NGOs like Aves Argentinas, Conservation International and The Nature Conservancy have targeted corridors connecting reserves such as Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi and Parque Nacional Talampaya. Community-based initiatives involve indigenous communities represented by organizations like the Consejo de Participación Indígena and campesino associations active in provinces such as Salta and Jujuy.
The Dirección operates under frameworks including the Ley General del Ambiente (Ley Nº 25.675), the Ley de Bosques Nativos (Ley Nº 26.331), and national instruments that implement provisions of international treaties such as the Convention on Biological Diversity and CITES. Its policy outputs have been shaped by strategic plans during administrations associated with political figures like Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and by budgetary decisions influenced in the Congreso de la Nación Argentina and by fiscal authorities such as the Ministerio de Economía.
International cooperation features memoranda and accords with entities including the United Nations Environment Programme, UNESCO biosphere reserve programs like Reserva de Biosfera Yabotí, regional accords within Mercosur, and bilateral agreements with countries such as Chile, Brazil and Paraguay. Scientific partnerships involve institutions like the Smithsonian Institution, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and research networks coordinated through the Global Environment Facility and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.
The Dirección has faced criticism over enforcement lapses highlighted in cases investigated by media outlets such as Página/12 and La Nación, disputes with provincial administrations in Formosa and Misiones over resource extraction permits, and controversies tied to concessions and private-public partnerships involving corporations like YPF and agroindustrial interests represented by Confederaciones Rurales Argentinas. Environmental litigation has reached judicial bodies including the Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación and generated scrutiny from NGOs such as Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina and Greenpeace for perceived conflicts between development projects and species protection.
Category:Conservation in Argentina