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| Daijirin | |
|---|---|
| Title | Daijirin |
| Language | Japanese |
| Subject | Dictionary |
| First published | 1988 |
| Publisher | Sanseido |
| Editor | Matsumura Akira |
| Pages | varies |
Daijirin Daijirin is a comprehensive single-volume Japanese dictionary published by Sanseido and edited by Matsumura Akira. It serves scholars, translators, journalists and students alongside reference works like Kenkyūsha's New Japanese-English Dictionary, Kōjien, and Nihon Kokugo Daijiten. The dictionary has influenced lexicography in Japan and been cited in works associated with institutions such as University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, and Waseda University.
Daijirin was conceived as a modern, concise competitor to Kōjien by integrating contemporary usage exemplified in corpora and media outlets such as NHK, Asahi Shimbun, Mainichi Shimbun, Yomiuri Shimbun, and magazines like Bungei Shunjū. The work emphasizes pronunciation entries using IPA conventions applied in resources like NHK Pronunciation Dictionary and borrows citation practices similar to Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster. Its editorial team included scholars from Keio University, Osaka University, and the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics.
First published by Sanseido in 1988, Daijirin underwent major revisions releasing second and third editions that reflected lexical changes observed during events such as the Heisei period, the 1995 Kobe earthquake, and the Great Hanshin earthquake media coverage. Subsequent printings updated entries after cultural milestones including the 1998 FIFA World Cup in France, the 2002 FIFA World Cup co-hosted by Japan and South Korea, and political developments like the Abenomics era under Shinzo Abe. Editions incorporated loanwords from languages represented in diasporic communities connected to cities such as Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka, and Nagoya.
The editors adopted corpus-informed strategies drawing on repositories like the National Diet Library holdings, newspaper archives of Asahi Shimbun, Yomiuri Shimbun, and broadcast transcripts from NHK. Etymologies reference classical sources such as Manyoshu, Kojiki, and Nihon Shoki and comparative material from Chinese language texts including Shuowen Jiezi. The methodology parallels approaches used in Oxford English Dictionary historical citations, with cross-references to proper names found in encyclopedias like Encyclopædia Britannica and bibliographies aligned with academic presses including Iwanami Shoten and Kodansha.
Compared to Kōjien (published by Iwanami Shoten), Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (published by Shogakukan), and Sanseido Kokugo Jiten, Daijirin balances brevity and scope, offering condensed entries with modern examples similar to Meikyo Kokugo Jiten. Where Nihon Kokugo Daijiten provides exhaustive historical citations akin to Oxford English Dictionary, Daijirin emphasizes contemporary usage paralleling editorial choices in Collins English Dictionary. In contrast to bilingual references like Kenkyūsha's New Japanese-English Dictionary and Oxford Japanese Dictionary, Daijirin remains monolingual but interoperates with works produced by institutions such as Japan Foundation and translation guides from Iwanami.
Daijirin has been adopted by professionals in fields tied to organizations including NHK, Asahi Shimbun, Mainichi Shimbun, and academic departments at University of Tokyo and Kyoto University. Reviewers from periodicals like Nihon Keizai Shimbun and Weekly Toyo Keizai praised its modern corpus orientation, while critics referenced comparisons to Kōjien and Nihon Kokugo Daijiten in columns by scholars affiliated with Waseda University and Keio University. The dictionary influenced lexicographical pedagogy at institutions such as Tokyo University of Foreign Studies and informed style guides used by publishers including Shogakukan and Kodansha.
Sanseido released electronic editions compatible with platforms by Microsoft and Apple and formats used by software developers like Sony and Sharp. Digital licensing enabled integration with online services hosted by companies such as Rakuten and Yahoo! Japan and academic subscriptions through libraries connected to the National Diet Library and university networks at University of Tokyo. Mobile apps and databases adopted search features comparable to commercial products by Google and Microsoft and linked to metadata standards promoted by organizations such as W3C.
Category:Japanese dictionaries