Corretto
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| Corretto | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Name | Corretto |
| Developer | Amazon (company) |
| Released | 2018 |
| Programming language | Java (programming language) |
| Platform | Linux, Windows, macOS |
| License | Free and open-source software |
Corretto Corretto is a production-ready distribution of the Java Platform, Standard Edition runtime and development kit provided by Amazon (company). It is presented as an alternative build of the OpenJDK project intended for deployment on infrastructure operated by organizations such as Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform, IBM Cloud and on-premises systems. Corretto emphasizes long-term support, cross-platform compatibility, and integration with cloud services offered by major providers including Amazon Web Services and enterprise platforms like Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
Overview
Corretto packages a downstream distribution of OpenJDK binaries with backported fixes, performance patches, and vendor-specific testing and tuning. The distribution targets runtime environments deployed on Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS, Amazon Linux, Windows Server, and macOS Big Sur among others. It is positioned alongside other notable distributions such as Oracle's JDK, AdoptOpenJDK, Azul Zulu, and builds from Red Hat. The project aims to provide a stable Java Virtual Machine for enterprises that integrate with services like Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, Elastic Kubernetes Service, and orchestration tools such as Kubernetes.
History and Development
Amazon announced its own OpenJDK-based distribution in 2018 amid changes to the Oracle JDK licensing model and the evolution of the Java Community Process. Early milestones included integration of fixes from the OpenJDK community and participation in the Eclipse Adoptium ecosystem by tracking upstream updates. Development has involved collaboration with contributors who have participated in projects like HotSpot, JEP (JDK Enhancement Proposal), and JDK Mission Control. Over successive releases, Corretto incorporated enhancements related to garbage collection from projects such as G1 GC and Z Garbage Collector, as well as performance work influenced by engineering from firms including IBM, Oracle, and Azul.
Features and Editions
Corretto ships as a Java Development Kit (JDK) and Java Runtime Environment (JRE) in multiple editions targeting 8, 11, and later Long-Term Support release lines established by the OpenJDK community and the Java SE Roadmap. Editions include platform-specific installers, tarball distributions, and Docker images compatible with registries used by Docker and GitHub. Notable features include backported security fixes, integration with diagnostic tools such as VisualVM and Java Flight Recorder, and support for JVM performance features developed in Project Panama and Project Loom discussions. Corretto also provides prebuilt artifacts for Amazon Linux, Ubuntu LTS, and container images optimized for orchestration with Amazon Elastic Container Service.
Compatibility and Performance
Corretto aims for high compatibility with the Java SE specification and ecosystem components like Maven, Gradle, Spring Framework, and Apache Tomcat. Vendors and projects such as Spring Boot, Hibernate (framework), Apache Kafka, Apache Cassandra, and Elasticsearch routinely validate against OpenJDK-compatible distributions, including Corretto. Performance tuning has emphasized throughput on x86_64 and ARM64 architectures, benefiting workloads seen in systems by Netflix, Inc., Spotify Technology, Airbnb, Inc., and enterprises running large-scale microservices. Comparative benchmarking against Oracle JDK and Azul Zulu has focused on startup time, garbage collection pauses, and JIT compilation behavior influenced by the HotSpot compiler.
Security and Maintenance
Amazon commits to providing security updates and long-term maintenance for supported Corretto releases, aligning with the cadence of upstream OpenJDK security advisories, including those cataloged by organizations like CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) and NIST. The project distributes patched binaries addressing issues discovered in components such as HotSpot and standard class libraries. Maintenance practices involve automated testing against suites like the Java Compatibility Kit and continuous integration systems used by providers including Jenkins and GitHub Actions to detect regressions.
Adoption and Usage
Corretto is used by a range of organizations from startups to large enterprises deploying applications on Amazon Web Services infrastructure, content platforms, financial services, and public sector systems. Users migrate from distributions provided by Oracle or community builds like AdoptOpenJDK to gain extended support timelines and integration with cloud tooling such as AWS CloudFormation and AWS Lambda (where JVM-based runtimes are relevant). Community contributions, issue reports, and pull requests have come from engineers with affiliations to Red Hat, Microsoft, Google, and independent open-source contributors.
Licensing and Distribution
Corretto binaries are distributed under a combination of licenses consistent with OpenJDK components, principally the GNU General Public License with the Classpath Exception for many modules, and other compatible open-source licenses. Amazon provides installers, RPM and DEB packages, and Docker images via repositories commonly used by projects including Docker Hub, GitHub Packages, and distribution channels tied to Amazon S3 and Amazon Linux AMI. The licensing approach aims to permit commercial use by enterprises such as Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase, Siemens, and cloud-native companies while remaining interoperable with the broader OpenJDK ecosystem.