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| Chittagong Municipality | |
|---|---|
| Name | Chittagong Municipality |
| Native name | চট্টগ্রাম পৌরসভা |
| Settlement type | Municipality |
| Established title | Established |
| Established date | 1863 |
| Area total km2 | 17.2 |
| Population total | 274000 |
| Subdivision type | Country |
| Subdivision name | Bangladesh |
| Subdivision type1 | Division |
| Subdivision name1 | Chittagong Division |
| Subdivision type2 | District |
| Subdivision name2 | Chattogram District |
Chittagong Municipality is a municipal body in the port city historically known as Port of Chittagong, situated in the southeastern region of Bangladesh within Chattogram District. Established during the British colonial period alongside municipal institutions such as the Calcutta Municipal Corporation and Dhaka North City Corporation, it has been linked to regional trade routes including the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. The municipality interacts with national and international entities like the Bangladesh Awami League, Bangladesh Nationalist Party, Asian Development Bank, and World Bank through urban projects and development programs.
The municipality originated in the mid-19th century amid administrative reforms influenced by the Indian Councils Act 1861, aligning with contemporaneous municipal formations such as the Madras Municipal Corporation and Cantonment Board administrations. During the British Raj period it developed alongside the Chittagong Port, the Eastern Bengal and Assam administration, and infrastructure projects like the Karnaphuli River bridges. The municipal area experienced events connected to the Bengal Famine of 1943, the Partition of India, and the Bangladesh Liberation War, echoing incidents at locations such as Feni, Sylhet, and Noakhali. Post-independence urban policy initiatives involved organizations including the Local Government Engineering Department and the JICA-supported projects.
The municipality lies on the banks of the Karnaphuli River near the Bay of Bengal, sharing coastal geography with places like Cox's Bazar and Saint Martin's Island. The terrain interfaces with estuarine ecosystems studied by institutes such as the Bangladesh Institute of Marine Fisheries Research and the Department of Environment (Bangladesh), and faces environmental pressures similar to those recorded at Sundarbans and Kuakata. Climatic influences follow patterns measured by the Bangladesh Meteorological Department and are affected by cyclones tracked via the Bangladesh Cyclone Preparedness Programme and the Indian Ocean Dipole. Urban expansion interacts with wetlands and mangroves catalogued by Ramsar Convention assessments and conservation efforts from organizations such as IUCN and UNEP.
The municipal body operates within frameworks shaped by statutes like the Local Government (Municipal) Act and coordinates with agencies such as the Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives (Bangladesh), the Election Commission of Bangladesh, and the Anti-Corruption Commission (Bangladesh). Elected representatives connect to national politics through parties including the Jatiya Party (Ershad), Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, and Workers Party of Bangladesh. Administrative functions interlink with municipal services modeled after practices in Kolkata Municipal Corporation and Karachi Metropolitan Corporation, and interact with regulatory institutions like the National Board of Revenue and the Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority.
Population characteristics reflect census operations conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics and demographic trends comparable to urban centers like Dhaka South City Corporation and Chittagong Hill Tracts. The municipal population includes communities affiliated with religious institutions such as Chittagong University students, congregations attending Anderkilla Shahi Jameh Mosque and Shrine of Bayazid Bostami, and linguistic groups represented in studies by the Bangla Academy and the Ethnologue. Migration patterns mirror movements along transportation corridors like the Dhaka–Chittagong Highway and port-related employment linked to companies such as the Chittagong Port Authority and Bangladesh Shipping Corporation.
Economic activity ties to the Port of Chittagong, shipbreaking yards referenced with Sitakunda, and industrial zones similar to Export Processing Zone frameworks; investors include multinational entities in sectors noted by the Board of Investment (Bangladesh). Infrastructure networks connect with the Dhaka–Chittagong Railway, Bangabandhu Bridge, and regional airports like Shah Amanat International Airport and interact with logistics firms such as Eastern Bank Limited and United Commercial Bank. Urban planning projects have involved international partners like the Asian Development Bank, Japan International Cooperation Agency, and UN-Habitat, and address transport modes exemplified by Chittagong Court Building access routes and freight operations of the Chittagong Container Terminal.
Municipal services coordinate with utilities managed by entities including the Chittagong WASA, the Power Grid Company of Bangladesh, and the Bangladesh Water Development Board, while health services relate to institutions like Chittagong Medical College Hospital, ICDDR,B collaborations, and public health initiatives modeled after campaigns from the World Health Organization. Educational provision intersects with universities such as University of Chittagong and technical institutes like the Chittagong Polytechnic Institute, and law enforcement is administered in concert with the Bangladesh Police and the Chittagong Metropolitan Police. Disaster response integrates agencies including the Department of Disaster Management (Bangladesh) and non-governmental organizations like the BRAC and Red Crescent Society.
Cultural life centers on heritage sites such as the Zia Memorial Museum, religious sites like the Chandanpura Mosque and Karnaphuli River ghats, and performance venues with links to theaters influenced by the Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy. Festivals resonate with observances at Eid al-Fitr, Durga Puja, and events organized by groups such as the Bangladesh Scout movement and the Chittagong Art College. Notable landmarks include the Foy's Lake, the Ethnological Museum of Chittagong, and historic locations tied to the Pir Pukur area and colonial architecture comparable to structures in Old Dhaka and Colonial Calcutta.
Category:Municipalities of Bangladesh