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| CeCoIn5 | |
|---|---|
| Name | CeCoIn5 |
| Category | Heavy-fermion superconductor |
| Formula | CeCoIn5 |
| Crystal system | Tetragonal |
| Space group | P4/mmm |
| Discovered | 2001 |
| Notable properties | Unconventional superconductivity, heavy fermion behavior, quantum criticality |
CeCoIn5 CeCoIn5 is a heavy-fermion intermetallic compound discovered in 2001 that exhibits unconventional superconductivity, strong electronic correlations, and proximate quantum critical behavior. It has been central to research linking superconductivity experiments to theories developed for high-Tc materials, quantum critical point concepts, and exotic pairing mechanisms. The compound is studied alongside materials such as CeRhIn5, CeIrIn5, UPt3, URu2Si2, and PuCoGa5 in the broader context of correlated-electron systems.
CeCoIn5 crystallizes in the HoCoGa5 structure type, forming part of the 115 family that includes CeRhIn5 and CeIrIn5. Researchers from institutions such as Los Alamos National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Geneva, University of Tokyo, and MPI für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe rapidly prioritized CeCoIn5 for its relatively high superconducting transition temperature among heavy-fermion materials. Early experimental groups led by scientists affiliated with Philipp Gegenwart, Qimiao Si, Peter Coleman, Nicolas Harrison, and Louis Taillefer produced influential measurements that linked CeCoIn5 to topics investigated at facilities like the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, and Paul Scherrer Institute.
The tetragonal lattice of CeCoIn5 is isostructural with other 115 compounds and described by the space group P4/mmm, featuring alternating layers of CeIn3 and CoIn2 reminiscent of layered architectures studied in YBa2Cu3O7, La2-xSrxCuO4, and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. Single crystals are commonly grown via the In-flux method by groups at Rice University, Rutgers University, University of California, San Diego, and Tohoku University and characterized using diffraction techniques at Argonne National Laboratory and Diamond Light Source. High-quality samples used for quantum oscillation studies were prepared by teams at Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, University of British Columbia, and ETH Zurich, enabling comparisons with data from de Haas–van Alphen effect experiments and structural refinements published in journals associated with American Physical Society and Nature Publishing Group.
CeCoIn5 displays heavy quasiparticles with effective masses comparable to those in UPt3 and CeCu2Si2, revealed by measurements from groups at Stanford University, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, and Cambridge University. The superconducting transition near 2.3 K is unconventional, with heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and penetration depth experiments reported by teams including Hiroshi Kontani, M. R. Norman, and Kazuo Ueda supporting nodal superconductivity. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy at facilities such as ALS and SPring-8 and scanning tunneling microscopy by groups at University of Oxford and University of Tokyo have mapped the Fermi surface and gap anisotropy, enabling comparisons with theoretical work from A. J. Millis, D. J. Scalapino, and S. Sachdev. Transport studies under pressure and chemical substitution, pursued at CNRS, University of Minnesota, and University of Florida, tie the electronic behavior to phenomena observed in iron pnictide and cuprate systems.
Magnetic fluctuations in CeCoIn5 are strong and anisotropic, with neutron scattering performed at Institut Laue-Langevin, Oak Ridge, and ISIS Neutron and Muon Source revealing commensurate and incommensurate correlations relevant to spin-fluctuation mediated pairing scenarios advanced by researchers such as T. Moriya and P. Monthoux. CeCoIn5 sits near a magnetic quantum critical point, a nexus explored in the context of theories by Subir Sachdev, Qimiao Si, and Philipp Gegenwart, and measured using techniques from teams at University of British Columbia, University of California, Berkeley, and Los Alamos National Laboratory. Field-induced phases, including a proposed Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov state, were investigated by collaborative groups at High Field Magnet Laboratory, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, and Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses.
Theoretical descriptions of CeCoIn5 draw on heavy-fermion Kondo lattice models developed by Doniach, Piers Coleman, and A. J. Millis, with spin-fluctuation and strong-coupling approaches by D. J. Scalapino, I. I. Mazin, and E. Abrahams. Competing proposals for pairing symmetry—d-wave, d_x^2_-y^2_, and others—were analyzed in works by M. R. Norman, P. Monthoux, K. Miyake, and H. Kontani. Numerical studies employing dynamical mean-field theory at Los Alamos National Laboratory and renormalization group analyses from groups at Rutgers University and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research contextualize CeCoIn5 within models that also address phenomena in heavy-fermion metals, Kondo insulators, and unconventional superconductors.
Key experimental techniques applied to CeCoIn5 include electrical resistivity and Hall effect measurements by groups at University of Maryland and Princeton University; specific heat and thermal conductivity by teams at McMaster University and University of Toronto; nuclear magnetic resonance by researchers affiliated with MIT and University of California, Santa Barbara; muon spin rotation by groups at Paul Scherrer Institute; and neutron scattering at Institut Laue-Langevin. Important findings include evidence for d-wave pairing symmetry reported in studies from Louis Taillefer's and Nicolas Doiron-Leyraud's groups, observations of non-Fermi-liquid behavior by Philipp Gegenwart and collaborators, and reports of field-induced phase transitions by teams led by Izawa Kiyoshi and R. Movshovich. The compound remains a benchmark for coordination between experimental campaigns at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, and theory centers such as Perimeter Institute and Institute for Advanced Study.
Category:Heavy-fermion superconductors