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| Casen Survey | |
|---|---|
| Name | Casen Survey |
| Country | Chile |
| Subject | Social indicators |
| First | 1987 |
| Frequency | periodic |
| Conducted by | Ministry of Social Development / University of Chile |
| Sample size | variable |
Casen Survey is a major Chilean household survey measuring poverty, income, health, and demographic indicators. It serves as a national benchmark used by Ministry of Social Development, Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, and academic institutions such as University of Chile, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, and Diego Portales University for policy formulation and social research. The survey informs programs by agencies including Chile Solidario, Chile Crece Contigo, and international organizations like the World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, and United Nations Development Programme.
The survey provides cross-sectional data on household income, poverty lines, employment, health access, education attainment, and housing conditions across regions such as Santiago Metropolitan Region, Valparaíso Region, Biobío Region, and Magallanes Region. It has influenced national instruments like the Chilean Social Protection System and contributed to longitudinal studies used by researchers at Harvard University, University of Oxford, Stanford University, and London School of Economics. Key variables facilitate comparisons with international datasets including the Luxembourg Income Study, the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions, and the Demographic and Health Surveys.
Sampling frames have used stratified multistage cluster designs referencing census data from INE and administrative records from Servicio de Impuestos Internos (Chile). Enumeration has involved trained interviewers from organizations such as the Institute of Public Affairs (University of Chile) and survey firms aligned with standards from the United Nations Statistics Division, OECD, and World Health Organization. Questionnaire modules cover income components, welfare transfers, educational attainment tied to institutions like Universidad de Santiago de Chile and Universidad de Concepción, and health insurance schemes like FONASA and Isapre. Weighting and imputation procedures often reference methodologies used by U.S. Census Bureau, Statistics Canada, and Australian Bureau of Statistics.
Analyses report trends in poverty reduction, income inequality, labor market participation, and social mobility across cohorts studied alongside policy reforms such as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, pension reforms debated in the Chilean pension reform protests, and tax policy adjustments under administrations of Michelle Bachelet, Sebastián Piñera, and Gabriel Boric. Findings highlight correlations between household composition and outcomes in contexts studied by scholars at Columbia University, Yale University, and University of California, Berkeley. Geographic disparities documented mirror patterns discussed in reports by OECD and World Bank and echo historical transformations linked to events like the Chilean transition to democracy and economic episodes such as the Chilean economic miracle.
Initiated in the late 1980s during the post-dictatorship era associated with figures like Patricio Aylwin and institutional reforms involving the MIDEPLAN, the survey evolved through methodological revisions in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s. Revisions were influenced by comparative initiatives at Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI), and collaborations with universities including University of Buenos Aires and Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. Major redesigns aligned with national censuses (e.g., 1982 Census, 1992 Census, 2002 Census, 2012 Census) and international best practices advocated by the International Labour Organization and UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean.
Governments and agencies use survey outputs to target conditional cash transfer programs like initiatives inspired by Familias en Acción and to design education and health policies affecting institutions such as Ministry of Education (Chile) and Ministry of Health (Chile). Academics have used the data for studies published in journals associated with American Economic Association, Journal of Development Economics, and Latin American Research Review, producing work by scholars affiliated with Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Princeton University, and University of Chicago. International donors and multilaterals including UNICEF, WHO, and ILO utilize findings for regional comparisons and program evaluations.
Critiques from researchers at Centro de Estudios Públicos and international analysts cite underreporting of informal sector income, sampling challenges in rural areas like La Araucanía Region and Aysén Region, and measurement inconsistencies across waves comparable to issues discussed in studies by European Commission and National Bureau of Economic Research. Debates involve transparency of imputation methods, comparability with administrative tax records from Servicio de Impuestos Internos (Chile), and the capacity to capture fast-moving phenomena such as migration linked to events like the 2019–2021 Chilean protests and pandemic impacts assessed by Pan American Health Organization. Methodological limitations have prompted calls for integration with longitudinal panels modeled on initiatives like the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and British Household Panel Survey.
Category:Surveys