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| Brazilian Committee of ICOMOS | |
|---|---|
| Name | Brazilian Committee of ICOMOS |
| Native name | Comitê Brasileiro do ICOMOS |
| Formation | 1970s |
| Headquarters | Brasília |
| Region served | Brazil |
| Affiliation | International Council on Monuments and Sites |
Brazilian Committee of ICOMOS is the national committee representing Brazil within the International Council on Monuments and Sites, focused on cultural heritage and historic preservation across Brazilian territory. It engages with municipal and federal bodies such as the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional, state heritage councils like the Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Cultural (CONDEPHAAT) and international entities including the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the Getty Conservation Institute, and the World Monuments Fund. The committee interfaces with academic institutions such as the Universidade de São Paulo, the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, and professional associations including the Brazilian Architects Association.
The committee emerged during a period shaped by landmark events and legislation including the enactment of federal heritage protection under the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and the earlier establishment of the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional under President Getúlio Vargas initiatives. Its formation paralleled global conservation dialogues following the Venice Charter and interactions with the International Council on Monuments and Sites during conferences like the ICOMOS General Assembly and the ICOMOS Advisory Committee meetings. Key milestones include participation in debates over sites such as Ouro Preto, Salvador, São Luís, Maranhão, and later entries on the UNESCO World Heritage List such as Brasília and the Historic Centre of the City of Goiás. Prominent Brazilian heritage professionals and scholars connected to the committee include figures affiliated with Oscar Niemeyer's Brasília planning, researchers from the Museu Histórico Nacional, and conservators who trained at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
The committee is structured with a national board, regional representatives, technical councils and thematic commissions interacting with entities like the Ministério da Cultura, the Casa da Moeda do Brasil conservation units, and municipal heritage departments in cities such as Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Recife. Governance mechanisms draw on models discussed at the ICOMOS International Secretariat and comply with statutes similar to those of national committees in countries such as France, Italy, and Spain. Its leadership roster has included academics from the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco and professionals previously employed by the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional. Advisory bodies consult international charters including the Nara Document on Authenticity and collaborate with legal scholars versed in instruments like the Brazilian Civil Code and cultural patrimony clauses.
Primary functions encompass advisory opinions on nominations to the UNESCO World Heritage List, technical evaluations for restoration projects at sites such as Igreja de São Francisco de Assis (Ouro Preto), and capacity-building workshops with partners like the Getty Conservation Institute and the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property. The committee issues statements on threats to places such as the Amazon rainforest cultural landscapes, engages in emergency response coordination after disasters affecting heritage sites including events referenced by the National Secretariat of Civil Defense (Brazil), and provides expertise for conservation interventions at colonial and modernist landmarks tied to figures like Lúcio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer.
Projects span preventive conservation, restoration, and urban conservation programs on properties such as the Historic Centre of Salvador, the Ruins of São Miguel das Missões, and lesser-known colonial ensembles in Minas Gerais. Initiatives have addressed conservation challenges in coastal fortifications like Forte de Santa Cruz da Barra and industrial heritage such as the Companhia Vale do Rio Doce-era sites. The committee has coordinated inventories employing methodologies aligned with the ICOMOS International Scientific Committee on Historic Towns and Villages (CIVVIH) and the ICOMOS International Scientific Committee on Stone (ISCOS)]. Pilot projects have combined traditional craftsmanship from artisanal guilds, academic research from the Universidade de Brasília, and technical support from institutes like the Museu do Amanhã for climate-change adaptation of low-lying heritage.
The committee produces technical reports, position papers, and conservation guidelines disseminated to institutions including the Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil, the Museu Nacional (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro), and university presses at the Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Research topics include historic urban landscape approaches referenced in the UNESCO Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape, case studies on restoration of barroco architecture in Pernambuco, and assessments of intangible heritage linked to sites honored under the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. Collaborative publications have appeared with the Getty Conservation Institute, the World Monuments Fund, and journals such as the Revista do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional.
International partnerships encompass the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, bilateral cooperation with national committees like ICOMOS-Canada, ICOMOS-UK, and regional networks including ICOMOS Latin America and the Caribbean (ICOMOS-IFLA). The committee has engaged with multilateral programs administered by the Inter-American Development Bank and the United Nations Development Programme for heritage-led development, and has contributed to comparative studies with countries such as Portugal, Spain, Italy, and France on colonial and modernist heritage. Exchanges involve training with the International Centre for Conservation (ICCROM) and participation in thematic meetings of ICOMOS scientific committees including ICOMOS ISCARSAH and ICOMOS ICOMOS-IFLA.
The committee recognizes outstanding conservation work through awards and commendations aligned with international prizes such as the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation model and national distinctions conferred in collaboration with institutions like the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional and municipal cultural secretariats of (São Paulo and Salvador). Projects advised by the committee have received acclaim for interventions at Brasília's modernist ensemble and urban conservation in Ouro Preto, and individuals linked to the committee have been shortlisted for honors administered by the British Council and the Getty Foundation.
Category:Heritage conservation in Brazil Category:International Council on Monuments and Sites