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| Asociación Indígena Mapuche | |
|---|---|
| Name | Asociación Indígena Mapuche |
| Native name | Asociación Indígena Mapuche |
| Formation | 20th century |
| Type | Indigenous organization |
| Headquarters | Temuco, Chile |
| Region served | Araucanía Region, Chile; Chubut, Argentina |
| Language | Mapudungun, Spanish |
| Leader title | Lonko / Coordinador |
Asociación Indígena Mapuche is a regional indigenous organization representing Mapuche communities in southern South America. Founded in the 20th century amid land conflicts and cultural revitalization, it operates within the political landscapes of Chile and Argentina and engages with international bodies such as the United Nations and the Organization of American States. The association interfaces with state institutions like the Congreso Nacional de Chile and municipal authorities in Temuco while collaborating with non-governmental entities including the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs and academic centers like the Universidad de Chile.
The association traces roots to early 20th-century Mapuche movilizations influenced by figures and events such as Elicura Chihuailaf-era cultural movements, the agrarian reforms under Jorge Alessandri and later discussions during the Salvador Allende period. Post-dictatorship reorganization followed transitional processes linked to the Constitution of Chile (1980) reforms and indigenous policy debates in the 1990s. Encounters with land restitution cases similar to those adjudicated in courts referenced by the Corte Suprema de Chile and interregional disputes near Puelmapu shaped its legal strategies. International attention increased after interactions with mechanisms like the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
The association adopts traditional and statutory leadership, blending the authority of a Lonko with elected councils modeled after municipal structures in Araucanía Region and local chapters in provinces like Cautín. Decision-making convenes assemblies that reference customary protocols rooted in the Nguillatún ceremony and coordinate with federations such as the Consejo de Todas las Tierras and the Consejo Zonal Mapuche. Administrative functions interact with public agencies like the Servicio de Cooperación Técnica and with academic partners at institutions including the Universidad Católica de Temuco.
Primary objectives encompass land recovery akin to claims presented before the Comisión de Verdad y Reconciliación frameworks, cultural preservation paralleling projects at the Museo Mapuche, and legal advocacy in forums like the Tribunal Constitucional de Chile. Activities include community education programs informed by curricula from the Ministerio de Educación de Chile, agricultural cooperatives inspired by models from the Instituto de Desarrollo Agropecuario and cultural festivals that echo performances once shown at the Teatro Municipal de Temuco.
The association operates across territories historically identified with Mapuche presence, including parts of the Araucanía Region, Los Ríos Region, and sections of Península Valdés in Argentina. It engages with campesino communities near rivers such as the Río Cautín and landmarks like the Lago Budi, and navigates competing claims involving forestry enterprises headquartered in regions around Temuco and Valdivia.
Cultural programs emphasize revitalization of Mapudungun language instruction, preservation of craft traditions found in Weaving (textile arts) collections at regional museums, and promotion of ceremonies such as the Nguillatun and rites comparable to gatherings held in Lof assemblies. Artistic collaborations have involved poets and intellectuals linked to publications from the Universidad de La Frontera and folklorists associated with the Biblioteca Nacional de Chile.
The association conducts legal advocacy referencing international instruments like the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and engages with national legislation such as discussions around the Indigenous Law (Chile) and proposals debated in the Cámara de Diputados de Chile. It files complaints before regional bodies like the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and partners with NGOs such as Amnesty International and the International Labor Organization in campaigns for collective rights, land restitution, and linguistic recognition.
Programs include territorial titling initiatives coordinated with the Corporación Nacional Forestal and sustainable development projects modeled after pilot schemes from the Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. Educational programs collaborate with teacher training at the Universidad Austral de Chile and health initiatives coordinate with primary care networks under the Ministerio de Salud (Chile). Cultural heritage projects have been showcased at festivals associated with the Corporación Cultural de Temuco.
The association confronts controversies over land occupation disputes involving private forestry companies like those operating near Angol and legal confrontations with state security forces that have invoked statutes debated in the Poder Judicial de Chile. Internal debates mirror tensions between traditional authorities linked to individual Lonkos and political factions allied with parties such as Partido Socialista de Chile or movements comparable to Movimiento Autonomista. Environmental conflicts overlap with broader extractive debates involving corporations and regulatory agencies like the Servicio de Evaluación Ambiental.
Category:Mapuche organizations Category:Indigenous rights organizations in Chile Category:Indigenous peoples of Argentina