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| Asian Pacific Meteorological Commission | |
|---|---|
| Name | Asian Pacific Meteorological Commission |
| Abbreviation | APMC |
| Formation | 1947 |
| Type | Intergovernmental organization |
| Headquarters | Melbourne |
| Region served | Asia-Pacific |
| Parent organization | World Meteorological Organization |
Asian Pacific Meteorological Commission The Asian Pacific Meteorological Commission is a regional intergovernmental body coordinating meteorology-related activities across the Asia-Pacific region, bringing together national services such as the Japan Meteorological Agency, China Meteorological Administration, India Meteorological Department, Australian Bureau of Meteorology, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-linked partners. It supports collaboration among representatives from institutions like the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration, Korea Meteorological Administration, MeteoFrance, MetService (New Zealand), and Pacific island meteorological agencies to advance operational forecasting, disaster risk reduction, and climate services in alignment with frameworks like the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Paris Agreement. The commission interfaces with established mechanisms such as the ESCAP regional processes, the Indian Ocean Rim Association, and the ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on disaster management to harmonize policies, standards, and capacity development across transboundary hazards.
The commission traces its origins to post‑war regional coordination efforts involving entities such as the United Nations and the International Meteorological Organization, with early meetings in the late 1940s that engaged services from United Kingdom, United States, France, Netherlands, and India. Over subsequent decades it adapted to geopolitical shifts including the expansion of membership after the independence of Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, and Pacific states like Fiji and Samoa, while responding to emergent hazards exemplified by the 1970 Bhola cyclone and the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. Institutional evolution paralleled developments at the World Meteorological Organization Congresses and technical advances at laboratories such as the Met Office Hadley Centre and the ECMWF. Protocols and regional strategies were refined in coordination with initiatives like the Hyogo Framework for Action and later the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.
Membership comprises national meteorological and hydrological services from countries including Japan, China, India, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, Republic of Korea, and Pacific island members such as Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands. The commission's structure aligns with committee models used by bodies like the World Meteorological Organization, featuring a Chair, Vice-Chairs, a Secretary drawn from regional offices such as the WMO Regional Office for Asia and South‑West Pacific, and technical panels mirroring the WMO Commission for Atmospheric Sciences and WMO Commission for Basic Systems. Working groups include experts seconded from institutions such as the National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Australian Bureau of Meteorology, and university research centers like Peking University and University of Tokyo.
The commission coordinates operational forecasting standards, early warning systems, and climatological services, collaborating with organizations including UNESCAP, UNDRR, UN Environment Programme, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It facilitates interoperability of systems like the Global Telecommunication System, regional data exchanges akin to those run by ECMWF and the Japan Meteorological Agency, and promotes adoption of models such as those from NOAA's GFS and ECMWF's Integrated Forecasting System. Activities extend to harmonizing practices for seasonal prediction, tropical cyclone warning protocols exemplified by Typhoon Haiyan responses, and hydrological forecasting influenced by cases like the 2010 Pakistan floods.
Regional initiatives include early warning partnerships for tropical cyclones, monsoon monitoring programs linked to the Indian Monsoon Mission, and initiatives addressing sea level rise and coral reef monitoring engaging actors like UNESCO and the Global Sea Level Observing System. The commission supports regional climate outlook forums modeled after the Greater Horn of Africa Climate Outlook Forum and coordinates with regional bodies such as ASEAN, the Pacific Islands Forum, and the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation. Programmatic work has addressed drought management reflective of efforts in Mongolia and flood risk reduction comparable to programs in Bangladesh.
Capacity building is delivered through workshops, fellowships, and technical training in collaboration with academic partners including Tsinghua University, Indian Institute of Science, Australian National University, and research centers like the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development. The commission leverages regional training networks similar to those of the WMO Regional Training Centre scheme and cooperates with donor agencies such as the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, and United States Agency for International Development to fund resilience projects, numerical weather prediction training, and observational network upgrades exemplified by upgrades to radar and satellite data processing linked to missions like Himawari and Fengyun.
The commission operates as the Asia‑Pacific regional arm in coordination with the World Meteorological Organization and aligns its technical guidance with WMO Commissions and Technical Regulations. It forges partnerships with the International Civil Aviation Organization on aviation meteorological services, with UNESCO on oceanographic and coastal monitoring, and with humanitarian organizations such as the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies for operational response. Collaboration extends to research consortia like the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project and climate policy networks including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change processes.
Decision-making follows protocols similar to intergovernmental mechanisms seen in the WMO Congress and regional commissions, using plenary sessions, expert working groups, and standing committees to adopt resolutions, technical regulations, and regional implementation plans. Budgetary and program approvals involve representation from finance and directorates of member services such as Japan Meteorological Agency and Australian Bureau of Meteorology, while implementation is monitored through periodic reviews, performance indicators, and reporting aligned with international instruments like the Sendai Framework and the Sustainable Development Goals.
Category:Meteorology organizations Category:International organizations