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| Anglican Missal | |
|---|---|
| Name | Anglican Missal |
| Author | Various |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Language | English |
| Subject | Liturgy, Anglicanism |
| Genre | Liturgical book |
| Publisher | Various |
| Pub date | 20th century onward |
Anglican Missal is a liturgical book associated with Anglican Communion tradition that adapts elements from the Roman Rite, Tridentine Mass, and the Book of Common Prayer for Anglo-Catholic worship in Church of England, Episcopal Church (United States), and related jurisdictions. It has been used by clergy and congregations seeking ceremonial and textual continuity with Western Catholic Church rites while remaining within Anglicanism structures such as the Society of St. Wilfrid and St. Hilda, Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament, and various Anglo-Catholicism societies. Editions reflect debates involving figures and institutions like Edward Bouverie Pusey, John Henry Newman, William Palmer (Anglican theologian), Charles Gore, and organizations including the Church Union and the English Church Union.
The book’s origins trace to late 19th- and early 20th-century liturgical revival movements linked to the Oxford Movement, Cambridge Camden Society, and controversies exemplified by the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874. Early adopters drew from sources such as the Book of Common Prayer (1662), medieval sacramentaries, and editions of the Roman Missal promulgated after the Council of Trent. Key historical nodes include the publication efforts of Anglo-Catholic printers and theologians in cities like London, Oxford, Cambridge, and New York City, as well as transatlantic exchanges involving the Tractarians, High Church, and Broad Church disputes. Legal and ecclesiastical responses by authorities in the Province of Canterbury and the Episcopal Church in the United States of America shaped adoption and modification, intersecting with events such as the Public Worship Regulation Act enforcement and later liturgical commissions.
Multiple editions were produced by publishers and societies in different contexts, including versions associated with Anglo-Catholic publishers and parish printers in London, Manchester, New York, and Chicago. Notable variants align with jurisdictions like the Church of Ireland, Anglican Church of Canada, and the Episcopal Church (United States), often reflecting local adaptations of the Book of Common Prayer (1928), the Book of Common Prayer (1979), or provincial liturgical rites. Specialized editions incorporated supplemental material from sources such as the Roman Missal (1962 edition), the Pontificale Romanum, medieval uses like the Sarum Rite, and devotional texts connected to saints venerated by Anglo-Catholics such as St. Augustine of Canterbury and St. Alban. Publishers and liturgists linked to the production include societies and individuals active in the Liturgical Movement and the Anglo-Catholic press.
Contents typically combine the core eucharistic rite adapted from the Book of Common Prayer (1662) with propers, collects, and ceremonial rubrics drawn from the Roman Missal, Sarum Breviary, and post‑Tridentine sources. Sections commonly include the Order of Mass, proper prayers for seasons tied to the Church Year (liturgical) such as Advent, Lent, Triduum, and Eastertide; sacramental rites for baptism and marriage derived from Book of Common Prayer (1662), rites for ordination influenced by the Pontificale Romanum, and offices for the Divine Office incorporating elements from the Breviary. Many editions provide antiphons, graduals, collects attributed to figures like Thomas Cranmer and medieval compilers, ceremonial directions paralleling rubrics found in editions of the Roman Missal (1962) and commentary by liturgists associated with the Catholic Revival.
The book is used in parishes and chapels emphasizing sacramental ceremonial, incense, vestments, and chanted liturgy, often associated with clergy and communities influenced by names such as Percy Dearmer, Hugh Ross Williamson, and parish movements in dioceses like Southwark, Oxford Diocese, and the Diocese of London. Its use intersects with confraternities and devotional societies like the Guild of All Souls and with educational institutions including Westcott House, Cambridge and Ripon College Cuddesdon. Anglo-Catholic congregations employing the book often integrate processions, the use of the sanctus bell, and devotionals such as the Stations of the Cross and Eucharistic adoration, linking parish practice to pastoral resources and manuals produced by Anglo-Catholic publishers.
Compared with the Book of Common Prayer (1662), the book supplements or replaces certain texts with material from the Roman Missal and medieval uses, producing a rite more closely resembling the Tridentine structure. Against the Roman Missal (1962) and post‑Vatican II editions, it represents Anglican appropriation rather than Roman jurisdictional promulgation, aligning liturgically with Anglican patrimony while borrowing Roman ceremonial. Other comparative references include the Sarum Rite, the Scottish Rite (liturgy), and modern Anglican compilations such as the Alternative Service Book, illustrating continuity and divergence among Anglicanism liturgical families and the wider Western liturgical tradition.
Reception has ranged from enthusiastic endorsement by Anglo-Catholic clergy and congregations to criticism by low church and Evangelical Anglican critics, and cautious scrutiny by diocesan authorities and synods such as those in the General Synod of the Church of England and the House of Bishops of the Episcopal Church (United States). The missal influenced ceremonial standards, hymnody associated with authors like John Mason Neale and Cecil Frances Alexander, and liturgical scholarship tied to academics at King’s College London, University of Oxford, and Yale Divinity School. Its legacy appears in parish ritual practices, theological debates involving figures like A. M. Ramsey and Michael Ramsey, and in the continuing diversity of Anglican liturgical expression across provinces including Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.