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| Andrews and Dury | |
|---|---|
| Name | Andrews and Dury |
| Type | Partnership |
| Founded | 19th century |
| Founders | William Andrews; Samuel Dury |
| Defunct | 20th century |
| Headquarters | London |
| Industry | Cartography; Publishing |
| Products | Maps; Atlases; Street plans |
Andrews and Dury Andrews and Dury was a London-based cartographic and publishing partnership active in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The firm operated within the commercial mapmaking milieu of London, collaborating and competing with contemporaries in the cartography trade while serving clients across Britain, the British Empire, and European markets. Its work intersected with the demands of urbanization, transport expansion, and antiquarian interest, producing street plans, railway maps, and county atlases that were used by municipal authorities, travelers, and collectors.
The partnership emerged during a period shaped by figures and institutions such as John Bartholomew Sr., Ordnance Survey, John Walker (economist), and the rise of publishing houses like Cassell and John Murray. Founded by William Andrews and Samuel Dury in the mid-19th century, the firm navigated a competitive environment alongside Edward Stanford, J. M. Dent, George Philip, and Ralph Griffiths. Andrews and Dury's timeline intersects with infrastructural milestones including the expansion of the Great Western Railway, the development of London Underground, and legislative acts such as the Public Health Act 1848 that affected urban mapping needs. The partnership evolved through changes in ownership, market consolidation, and technological shifts typified by advances in lithography introduced by innovators like A. P. W. Wynne and printing firms in Fleet Street.
Operating from premises in central London, Andrews and Dury combined cartographic drafting, engraving, and commercial distribution. The partners coordinated with engravers and printers associated with firms like Bradshaw's Guide printers and suppliers in the City of Westminster. Their business model resembled that of contemporaries such as Bartholomew (family), involving contracts with surveyors, collaborations with survey organizations like the Ordnance Survey, and retail arrangements through bookshops including WHSmith and Foyles. Andrews and Dury also engaged with transportation companies such as the London and North Western Railway and the Midland Railway for map commissions and timetable maps. Financiers and insurers of the period—entities like Rothschild family interests and Lloyd's of London—influenced publishing risk and distribution practices. The partnership’s operations reflected interactions with professional associations such as the Royal Geographical Society and municipal bodies like the London County Council.
Andrews and Dury produced an array of cartographic products: indexed county atlases, pocket street plans, railway guides, and thematic maps for commercial patrons. Their atlases competed with series by John Bartholomew Jr. and George Philip while addressing demands similar to those of Baedeker travel guides and Kelly's Directory. Innovations included adoption of chromolithography techniques developed by printers influenced by Godefroy Engelmann and use of improved surveying data from agencies like the Ordnance Survey. They produced pocket maps that paralleled contemporary offerings from Philip's Handy Atlas and folio maps resembling works sold by Longman and Macmillan Publishers. The firm also issued special-purpose plans for events and exhibitions akin to materials produced for the Great Exhibition and municipal jubilees.
Distribution networks for Andrews and Dury reached bookstalls, railway stations, and colonial markets, aligning with distribution models used by W. & A.K. Johnston, Harper & Brothers, and Baedeker. Retail partnerships included national chains such as WHSmith and urban booksellers like Waterstone's predecessors; wholesale distribution mirrored practices of Sampson Low and Henderson. Overseas reach extended into the British Empire—with clients in India, Australia, and Canada—and into continental Europe through agents similar to those used by Griffin and Reimer. Market presence was influenced by transport advertisers and railway timetable publishers such as Bradshaw's Guide, and by cartographic standards set by mapping authorities like the Ordnance Survey.
Andrews and Dury contributed to the visual record of Victorian and Edwardian geography, impacting collectors, historians, and municipal planners. Their plates and impressions now appear in collections maintained by institutions like the British Library, the National Archives (United Kingdom), and local record offices in Greater London. The firm's maps are referenced alongside those of John Rocque, Christopher Saxton, and Edward Weller in studies of urban growth, transport history, and historical geography. Antiquarian dealers and auction houses such as Sotheby's and Bonhams catalog Andrews and Dury sheets within sales of 19th-century cartographic material. Scholars associated with the Royal Historical Society and the Society for the History of Discoveries examine their output when tracing the diffusion of mapped knowledge in the imperial era.
Notable outputs attributed to the partnership include county atlases covering regions such as Surrey, Essex, and Kent; detailed street plans of London boroughs; and railway maps used by companies like the Great Eastern Railway. Specific works are often cited in bibliographies alongside atlases from W. & A.K. Johnston and plate series from Edward Stanford. Surviving imprints and engraved plates appear in catalogues maintained by the British Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum, and specific editions are referenced in studies by historians affiliated with University College London and the Institute of Historical Research.
Category:Defunct publishing companies of the United Kingdom Category:Historical cartography