Amazon Corretto
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| Amazon Corretto | |
|---|---|
| Name | Amazon Corretto |
| Developer | Amazon |
| Initial release | 2018 |
| Programming language | Java |
| Platform | x86_64, aarch64, Windows, Linux, macOS |
| License | OpenJDK LICENSE |
Amazon Corretto is a distribution of the OpenJDK open-source implementation of the Java SE platform, produced and maintained by Amazon. Corretto provides long-term support builds of the Java Development Kit and Java Runtime Environment for use in cloud services, on-premises servers, and developer workstations. It targets compatibility with standards set by the Java Community Process and is offered with performance enhancements and security patches for enterprise and consumer applications.
Overview
Amazon Corretto is a multi-platform JDK distribution aligned with OpenJDK releases, intended for deployment across Amazon Web Services, data centers operated by Microsoft, cloud platforms operated by Google, and private cloud environments. Corretto builds incorporate components from projects such as HotSpot and GraalVM-related tooling, and emphasize interoperability with frameworks from Spring Framework, Hibernate ORM, Apache Tomcat, Jetty, Eclipse Vert.x, and Jakarta EE ecosystems. The distribution is designed for integration with continuous integration systems like Jenkins, GitHub Actions, GitLab CI/CD, and CircleCI, and for packaging with configuration management tools such as Ansible, Puppet, and Chef.
History and Development
Corretto was announced by Amazon in 2018 as part of broader Amazon Web Services initiatives and to address version support gaps after Oracle changed its Java SE Subscription policies. Development draws on contributions and compatibility testing alongside the OpenJDK Community, and coordination with standards activities at the Java Community Process and vendor groups including Eclipse Foundation and Linux Foundation projects. Corretto's roadmap has been influenced by major Java release events such as the adoption cycles following JDK 8, JDK 11, JDK 17, and later long-term support versions endorsed by enterprises using Red Hat, IBM, Oracle, Azul Systems, BellSoft, and Adoptium distributions. Amazon has published announcements at industry venues including AWS re:Invent, Oracle OpenWorld, and developer conferences organized by Devoxx, JavaOne, and FOSDEM.
Features and Components
Corretto bundles the HotSpot JVM, standard class libraries from OpenJDK, and platform-optimized components for x86-64 and ARM64 architectures such as those used by Intel Corporation, AMD, and ARM Holdings. It includes performance enhancements like [JIT] tiers associated with C2, GraalVM interoperability experiments, and garbage collection choices including G1 garbage collector, Z Garbage Collector, and Shenandoah influences from vendors such as Red Hat and IBM. Corretto ships with security hardening drawn from Security-Enhanced Linux best practices and integrates with key management solutions like AWS Key Management Service, HashiCorp Vault, and enterprise hardware modules such as those from Thales Group and Entrust. Packaging supports installers for Debian, Ubuntu, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS, and Microsoft Windows Server.
Platform Support and Distributions
Amazon provides Corretto builds for server platforms and developer platforms compatible with distributions from Canonical (Ubuntu), Red Hat, SUSE, and community distributions such as Debian, Fedora, and Alpine Linux. Corretto is distributed as RPM, DEB, TAR.GZ, and MSI packages, and is available for cloud instances on Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform. Builds target CPU microarchitectures from Intel Xeon families, AMD EPYC families, and AWS Graviton processors developed by Amazon Web Services. Corretto support has been referenced in container images from Docker and orchestration with Kubernetes clusters managed by Rancher Labs and Red Hat OpenShift.
Security, Updates, and Certification
Corretto receives regular security patches corresponding to upstream OpenJDK security advisories and Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures disclosures coordinated with organizations such as MITRE Corporation and vendor partners like Oracle Corporation and Red Hat. Amazon provides long-term support timelines and quarterly updates, aligned with enterprise compliance regimes such as PCI DSS, HIPAA, and audit frameworks used by Deloitte, PricewaterhouseCoopers, and KPMG. Corretto has undergone third-party validation practices including compatibility testing via the Java Compatibility Kit and interoperability testing with middleware from Oracle, IBM, SAP SE, and VMware. Security updates are distributed via package repositories and integrated update tooling used by Amazon Linux, Ubuntu Advantage, and SUSE Manager.
Usage and Adoption
Corretto is used by organizations deploying microservices with stacks including Spring Boot, Micronaut, and Quarkus, and in big data platforms such as Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark, and Presto. Enterprises like Netflix, Airbnb, Comcast, Autodesk, and Intuit evaluate multiple JDKs including Corretto for backend services, batch processing, and desktop applications built with JavaFX and Swing. Corretto is recommended in documentation for AWS Lambda runtimes and for containerized workloads run via Amazon ECS and Amazon EKS. Education and research groups at institutions such as MIT, Stanford University, and Carnegie Mellon University use Corretto in teaching and research environments.
Performance and Compatibility Benchmarks
Performance comparisons of Corretto have been published alongside benchmarks for alternative JDKs from Oracle Corporation, Azul Systems, BellSoft, Adoptium, and GraalVM in workloads using frameworks like Apache Tomcat, Netty, and Undertow. Benchmarks measure throughput and latency on CPUs from Intel, AMD, and ARM using suites such as SPECjvm2008, DaCapo, and microbenchmarks from JMH. Results vary by garbage collector selection, JIT optimization, and platform tuning; comparisons often reference cloud instance types such as m5, c5, and t3 families. Corretto's compatibility with the Java SE TCK and success in enterprise interoperability tests are cited when evaluating migration efforts from legacy Oracle JDK deployments to Corretto in production environments.