APS (American Physical Society)
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| APS (American Physical Society) | |
|---|---|
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| Name | American Physical Society |
| Formation | 1899 |
| Leader title | President |
APS (American Physical Society) is a professional association dedicated to the advancement and diffusion of knowledge of physics, founded near the turn of the 20th century and closely tied to developments in American and international science. It interacts with institutions such as Harvard University, Princeton University, California Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and engages scientists associated with Brookhaven National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Fermilab, CERN and other laboratories. APS activities connect to major figures and entities including Albert Einstein, Robert Oppenheimer, Richard Feynman, Marie Curie, Niels Bohr, Enrico Fermi and organizations like the National Academy of Sciences, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Institute of Physics, European Physical Society and Royal Society.
History
APS traces its origins to meetings of American physicists at institutions such as Johns Hopkins University and Columbia University in the late 19th century, with formal establishment in 1899 amid growth in scientific research and industrial laboratories like Bell Laboratories and General Electric Research Laboratory. During the early 20th century APS intersected with Nobel laureates including Max Planck, Werner Heisenberg, Wolfgang Pauli, Ernest Rutherford and the wartime Manhattan Project leadership at Los Alamos National Laboratory led by Robert Oppenheimer, while mid-century expansion linked APS to Cold War institutions such as Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and policy venues like The Pentagon and United States Congress. In the postwar era APS expanded publications and divisions, paralleling developments at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Fermilab, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and collaborations with CERN, reflecting influences from figures like Richard Feynman, Julian Schwinger and Murray Gell-Mann.
Mission and Organization
APS's stated mission connects to scientific societies such as the National Academy of Sciences, American Chemical Society, American Mathematical Society and professional associations like the IEEE and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. The governance structure includes an elected President, Council and Executive Board drawn from members at institutions including Yale University, University of California, Berkeley, University of Chicago, Stanford University and national laboratories like Argonne National Laboratory. APS is organized into topical units paralleling divisions at Division of Particles and Fields and collaborates with bodies such as the Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the World Health Organization on science policy and global issues.
Membership and Chapters
Membership comprises researchers, educators and students affiliated with universities like University of Michigan, University of Texas at Austin, Oxford University, Cambridge University and laboratories including Los Alamos National Laboratory and Argonne National Laboratory, and includes international members from institutions such as Kyoto University, Tsinghua University and University of Tokyo. APS supports local and topical chapters mirroring organizations like the American Chemical Society local sections and collaborates with student groups at Princeton University, Columbia University, University of California, Berkeley and professional networks tied to Sigma Pi Sigma and Fulbright Program alumni.
Publications and Journals
APS publishes leading journals that are central to the literature alongside titles from Nature Publishing Group, Science (journal), Elsevier and Springer Nature; flagship journals include Physical Review Letters and the Physical Review series, which have featured seminal papers by Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Enrico Fermi, Lev Landau and Paul Dirac. APS journals serve communities in condensed matter, particle physics, nuclear physics and astrophysics, alongside special collections influenced by work at CERN, Fermilab and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, and editorial processes that intersect with the standards of the Committee on Publication Ethics and publishers like Oxford University Press.
Conferences and Meetings
APS organizes annual and topical meetings attracting participants from American Geophysical Union, Optical Society, Materials Research Society, Society for Neuroscience and universities such as Stanford University, MIT, Harvard University and national labs including Argonne National Laboratory and Brookhaven National Laboratory. Major meetings provide forums for results from collaborations at CERN, LIGO Laboratory, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and experiments led by teams associated with Brookhaven National Laboratory and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
Awards and Prizes
APS administers awards and prizes analogous in stature to honors from the Nobel Committee, Wolf Foundation, Breakthrough Prize and national medals such as the National Medal of Science and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in scope for physics, recognizing contributions by scientists from institutions like Caltech, MIT, Princeton University and figures such as Murray Gell-Mann, Steven Weinberg and Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar. Prize categories span early-career awards, lifetime achievement and topical prizes related to particle physics, condensed matter and astrophysics, complementing awards from the American Association for the Advancement of Science and professional societies like the Institute of Physics.
Public Policy and Outreach
APS engages in public policy and outreach interacting with bodies such as the United States Congress, White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, Department of Energy, National Science Foundation and international organizations including the United Nations and European Commission, producing policy statements on research funding, nuclear security, climate science and education. Outreach includes programs with museums like the Smithsonian Institution, science festivals associated with World Science Festival, educational partnerships with schools and universities including Columbia University and advocacy efforts coordinated with Union of Concerned Scientists, American Physical Society Forum on Physics and Society and other civic organizations.
Category:Scientific organizations