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| 314th Infantry Regiment | |
|---|---|
| Unit name | 314th Infantry Regiment |
| Dates | 1917–present |
| Country | United States |
| Branch | United States Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | Regiment |
314th Infantry Regiment The 314th Infantry Regiment is a unit of the United States Army formed in 1917 that served in major twentieth-century conflicts and underwent multiple reorganizations across the United States Army Reserve, United States Army National Guard, and regular components. The regiment participated in World War I, World War II, and Cold War-era deployments, earning campaign streamers and decorations associated with operations on the Western Front (World War I), Italian Campaign (World War II), and occupation duties. Elements of the regiment have been assigned to divisions, training commands, and infantry brigades linked to institutions such as Camp Shelby, Fort McPherson, and Fort Benning.
The regiment was constituted during the expansion of the American Expeditionary Forces under the leadership of General John J. Pershing and organized from personnel drafted throughout the United States. Early training occurred at cantonments patterned after Camp Meade and incorporated doctrine influenced by the United States Army War College and lessons from the British Expeditionary Force and French Army (Third Republic). Between world wars the unit's lineage intersected with reorganizations mandated by the National Defense Act of 1920 and peacetime reductions directed by the Secretary of War and Congress of the United States.
Originally assigned to a numbered division within the National Army (United States), the regiment's battalion structure followed tables of organization from the War Department, later adapting to triangular division reforms promulgated by Chief of Staff of the United States Army George C. Marshall. The regiment's Companies A through M were allocated among states as part of the Organized Reserves and were administratively linked to training centers such as Fort Riley and Fort Benning. Lineage records show activations, inactivations, redesignations, and transfers involving units like 314th Infantry Battalion (Separate), regimental headquarters elements, and associated support units recognized by the United States Army Center of Military History.
Activated during the mobilization for World War I, the regiment deployed to the Western Front (World War I) as part of American participation in offensives coordinated with the French Army (Third Republic), British Expeditionary Force, and Italian Front (World War I) planners. The regiment saw combat in operations that were contemporaneous with the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, Saint-Mihiel Offensive, and sector-holding duties during the 1918 offensives. Command relationships placed the regiment alongside units from the American Expeditionary Forces and corps-level commands that included leaders who served on the staff of General John J. Pershing and other theater commanders.
Following demobilization after World War I, the regiment was reconstituted in the Organized Reserves amid the broader reorganization directed by the National Defense Act of 1920 and the Chief of Staff of the United States Army Peyton C. March-era directives. During the interwar years the regiment participated in summer encampments at installations such as Camp Dix, engaged with Reserve training units tied to the Reserve Officers' Training Corps, and maintained connections with civic organizations and state adjutants general offices. The period saw periodic redesignations reflecting changes instituted by the War Department General Staff and budgetary constraints from the United States Congress during the Great Depression.
With mobilization for World War II, the regiment was federalized and reassigned according to the Army's divisional reforms championed by General George C. Marshall. The regiment participated in training programs influenced by doctrine from the Infantry School (United States) at Fort Benning and deployed to theaters where American infantry regiments fought alongside formations such as the British Eighth Army, U.S. Fifth Army, and allied commands during the Italian Campaign (World War II). The regiment's operations occurred in campaigns overlapping with battles in the Italian Campaign (World War II), coastal and mountain warfare against German forces of the Wehrmacht, and coordination with combined-arms units including armored and artillery formations from the United States Army Ground Forces.
After World War II, the regiment experienced inactivations and reactivations associated with demobilization, the establishment of the United States Army Reserve, and the global posture adjustments of the Cold War. Elements were assigned to training roles, including affiliation with Reserve Officers' Training Corps programs, maneuver training centers, and mobilization support brigades under the oversight of commands such as the United States Army Reserve Command and First United States Army. During crises tied to NATO commitments, the regiment’s lineage was invoked in contingency planning alongside formations such as the V Corps (United States) and U.S. Army Europe.
The regiment and its elements received campaign participation credit for operations in World War I sectors and World War II campaigns associated with the Italian Campaign (World War II) and theater-level operations. Decorations and unit awards documented in lineage records include citations issued under authorities such as the Department of the Army (United States) and campaign streamers authorized by the United States Army Center of Military History. Notable associations link the regiment’s honors to broader awards given to formations that fought in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, Rome–Arno campaign, and other theater campaigns recognized by Allied and U.S. command echelons.
Category:Infantry regiments of the United States Army Category:Military units and formations established in 1917