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| 2017 in science | |
|---|---|
| Year | 2017 |
2017 in science 2017 saw major advances across NASA, European Space Agency, CERN, Royal Society, and institutions worldwide, with high-profile missions, breakthroughs in CRISPR, novel physics results, and intensified debates involving the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and policy actors. Leading universities, national laboratories, and private companies shaped outcomes that influenced Nobel Prize, Breakthrough Prize, and national funding priorities.
Major events included the launch of flagship projects by NASA and private firms, policy decisions by the European Commission and the United States Department of Energy, and international meetings such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change talks. Prominent conferences like American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meetings, Royal Society symposia, and sessions at American Physical Society and American Chemical Society highlighted work from teams at MIT, Stanford University, Harvard University, University of Cambridge, University of Oxford, and California Institute of Technology. Industry milestones involved SpaceX, Blue Origin, Boeing, and Lockheed Martin, while regulatory actions touched agencies including the Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency.
Space achievements featured launches and discoveries by NASA missions like Cassini–Huygens end-of-mission operations near Saturn and ongoing data from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Juno (spacecraft). Private aerospace firms including SpaceX and Blue Origin advanced reusable-rocket technology with booster landings and tests related to Falcon 9 and suborbital vehicles. Observational astronomy produced results from facilities such as the Hubble Space Telescope, ALMA Observatory, and Arecibo Observatory, while surveys by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and missions like Gaia (spacecraft) refined stellar catalogs and parallax measures. The discovery and characterization of exoplanets involved instruments on Kepler (spacecraft) and ground-based observatories tied to European Southern Observatory programs. Planetary science included findings about Enceladus and Titan chemistry, and astrobiology discussions engaged teams at SETI Institute and Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
Biomedical advances included expanded use of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing by labs at Broad Institute, University of California, Berkeley, and Johns Hopkins University for model organisms and therapeutic research. Clinical trials and approvals involved treatments evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency, with oncology research drawing on work at Dana–Farber Cancer Institute and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Synthetic biology and microbiome studies linked researchers at Salk Institute, Max Planck Society, and Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, while vaccine research engaged teams at GlaxoSmithKline and Pfizer. Public health responses to infectious disease outbreaks mobilized agencies such as the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Key physics results emerged from experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider, with precision measurements by the ATLAS experiment and CMS experiment informing Standard Model tests. Condensed matter breakthroughs involved researchers at IBM Research and National Institute of Standards and Technology exploring topological phases and quantum materials relevant to Microsoft Quantum and Google quantum efforts. Chemistry milestones included work on catalysis and battery materials produced by teams at Toyota Research Institute, Argonne National Laboratory, and Los Alamos National Laboratory. Fundamental measurements and theoretical advances engaged groups at Perimeter Institute and Institute for Advanced Study.
Research on climate addressed assessments by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and observational programs from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and European Space Agency. Studies of Arctic sea ice, Antarctic ice-sheet dynamics, and sea-level rise involved collaborations among British Antarctic Survey, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory. Biodiversity and conservation science drew on work at Conservation International, World Wildlife Fund, and botanical research at Kew Gardens (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew). Energy and emissions analyses involved modeling groups at Princeton University and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and policy debates involving the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
Engineering accomplishments encompassed advances in artificial intelligence from teams at Google DeepMind, OpenAI, and academic labs at Carnegie Mellon University, University of Toronto, and University College London. Robotics research progressed at MIT Media Lab and ETH Zurich while semiconductor and hardware innovation featured companies such as Intel, NVIDIA, and Samsung Electronics. Infrastructure projects and materials science studies involved collaborations with National Grid (Great Britain), Siemens, and General Electric. Cybersecurity incidents and standards discussions engaged National Institute of Standards and Technology and international bodies like International Telecommunication Union.
Major awards included the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the Nobel Prize in Physics, and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, announced by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet. Other recognitions such as the Breakthrough Prize, Turing Award, and honors from the Royal Society highlighted influential work from scientists affiliated with Princeton University, Columbia University, University of Chicago, and ETH Zurich.
Category:2017