WordPerfect

WordPerfect. It is a word processor that was a dominant application in the late 1980s and early 1990s, particularly known for its powerful formatting features and extensive use of function key combinations. Initially developed for Data General minicomputer systems, it achieved widespread success on the IBM PC platform running under DOS. The software's rivalry with Microsoft Word was a defining aspect of the early personal computer software industry, with its market share peaking before a gradual decline.

History

The application was originally created by Bruce Bastian and Alan Ashton at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer system. Their company, Satellite Software International, released the first version for the IBM PC in 1982, capitalizing on the growing IBM PC compatible market. Its popularity surged due to its "reveal codes" feature, which gave users precise control over document formatting, and its comprehensive support for early laser printers like those from Hewlett-Packard. In 1994, the then-owner Novell sold the product line to Corel, which continues to develop and sell it. A significant chapter in its history was the failed "WordPerfect Office" suite strategy against Microsoft Office, a battle detailed in books like Barbarians Led by Bill Gates.

Features

The software was renowned for its deep, sometimes complex, feature set oriented toward precise typographic control. Its hallmark was the "reveal codes" window, which displayed hidden formatting commands, allowing expert users to troubleshoot complex documents directly. It offered advanced features like a robust macro programming language, sophisticated mail merge capabilities, and extensive support for legal and academic document preparation. The interface relied heavily on function key prompts displayed on a template or IBM PC keyboard (e.g., F3 for Help, F7 to Exit), a design that became iconic. It also included strong footnote handling, outline generation, and table creation tools that were considered best-in-class during its peak.

File formats

The primary file format used the .WPD extension and was largely proprietary, though the software maintained strong backward compatibility across versions. During the DOS era, it was also known for its direct support of printer PCL codes, allowing fine-tuned output to devices from Hewlett-Packard and others. With the transition to Microsoft Windows, it gained the ability to import and export files in the Rich Text Format (RTF) and, later, the Microsoft Word .DOC format, though formatting fidelity was often a challenge. The modern version from Corel uses an XML-based file format and provides support for the open OpenDocument standard.

Versions

Major releases include version 4.2 for DOS, which is often cited as a classic that cemented its market leadership. Version 5.1 for DOS added features like WYSIWYG previews and is considered one of the most polished releases. The transition to Microsoft Windows began with WordPerfect for Windows 5.1, which was critically acclaimed but late to market. Version 6.0 for Windows was plagued by performance issues, contributing to its declining market share against Microsoft Word 6.0. Under Corel, development continued with suites like WordPerfect Office X3 and the current WordPerfect Office 2021, which is also part of CorelDRAW Graphics Suite.

Legacy and impact

Its influence is profound, having set early standards for feature-rich word processing and demonstrating the commercial potential of business software for the IBM PC. The intense competition with Microsoft during the "Word Wars" is a staple case study in business schools and tech histories, illustrating the importance of platform strategy and developer relations. While its market share dwindled, it retains a dedicated niche following, particularly in the legal profession and within certain government agencies like the United States Department of Justice, where its precise formatting controls are valued. The story of its rise and fall is documented in works like In the Beginning... Was the Command Line by Neal Stephenson and is part of the broader narrative of the history of software.

Category:Word processors Category:DOS software Category:Corel software