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Tesla, Inc.

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Tesla, Inc.
NameTesla, Inc.
Founded01 July 2003
FoundersMartin Eberhard, Marc Tarpenning
Hq location cityAustin, Texas
Hq location countryUnited States
Key peopleElon Musk (CEO), Robyn Denholm (Chair)
IndustryAutomotive, Energy
ProductsElectric vehicles, Battery energy storage systems, Solar panels
Revenue▲ US$96.77 billion (2023)
Num employees140,473 (2023)
Websitetesla.com

Tesla, Inc. is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Austin, Texas, and a global leader in the design, manufacturing, and sale of electric vehicles and clean energy solutions. Founded in San Carlos, California in 2003 by engineers Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning, the company is named after the pioneering inventor Nikola Tesla. Under the leadership of Elon Musk, who joined the company's board of directors in 2004 and became its chief executive, it has played a pivotal role in accelerating the world's transition to sustainable energy.

History

The company was incorporated in July 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning, who served as its initial chief executive officer and chief financial officer, respectively. Elon Musk led the company's Series A round of investment in February 2004, joining the board of directors as chairman. The first vehicle, the Roadster, a sports car based on the Lotus Elise chassis, began production in 2008. Following the Great Recession, Musk assumed the role of CEO in October 2008. A major milestone was the initial public offering on NASDAQ in June 2010, the first American car company to do so since the IPO of Ford Motor Company in 1956. Subsequent expansion included the launch of the Model S sedan, the construction of the Gigafactory Nevada, and the acquisition of SolarCity in 2016, broadening its portfolio into solar energy. In 2020, it was added to the S&P 500 index.

Products and services

Its core automotive lineup includes the Model 3 sedan, Model Y crossover, Model S sedan, and Model X SUV. The Tesla Semi is an electric Class 8 truck, and the Cybertruck is a stainless-steel pickup truck. The company also manufactures and sells Powerwall and Powerpack battery energy storage systems for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications, alongside Solar Roof and solar panel systems. Its service ecosystem encompasses a global network of Supercharger stations for fast charging, over-the-air software updates, and an insurance product offered in select markets like Texas and California.

Technology and innovation

The company is renowned for its vertically integrated approach and proprietary technological advancements. Its vehicles utilize sophisticated lithium-ion battery packs and high-efficiency electric motors. A key innovation is the advanced driver-assistance system marketed as Autopilot and Full Self-Driving, which relies on a suite of cameras, ultrasonic sensors, and neural network processing. The proprietary 4680 battery cell is designed for greater energy density and lower cost. Manufacturing innovations are showcased at facilities like Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg, which employs large gigacasting machines to simplify vehicle assembly.

Business operations

The company operates manufacturing plants globally, including Gigafactory Shanghai in China, Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg in Germany, and its primary vehicle factory in Fremont, California. Its corporate headquarters and latest Gigafactory Texas are located in Austin, Texas. It sells vehicles directly to consumers through company-owned stores and online, bypassing the traditional franchise dealership model. Major institutional shareholders include investment firms like The Vanguard Group and BlackRock.

Environmental impact and sustainability

Its mission centers on reducing global dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating climate change. By displacing internal combustion engine vehicles, its products aim to lower greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector. The integration of solar energy generation with battery storage seeks to create resilient, decentralized power grids. The company publishes an annual Impact Report detailing its environmental footprint and has received high ratings from agencies like CDP.

Criticism and controversies

The company has faced significant scrutiny and legal challenges. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has investigated numerous crashes involving its Autopilot system. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) sued Elon Musk in 2018 over tweets regarding a potential privatization of the company, resulting in a settlement. It has faced lawsuits alleging racial discrimination at its Fremont, California factory and has been criticized by The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) for anti-union tactics. Production delays, build quality issues, and the environmental impact of lithium mining for its batteries have also been points of contention.

Category:American companies Category:Electric vehicle manufacturers Category:Companies based in Texas