Prime Minister of Egypt

Prime Minister of Egypt
Post	Prime Minister
Body	Egypt
Native name	رئيس مجلس الوزراء المصري
Insigniasize	120
Insigniacaption	National Emblem
Flagsize	120
Flagcaption	Flag of Egypt
Incumbent	Mostafa Madbouly
Incumbentsince	7 June 2018
Department	Government of Egypt
Style	The Honourable, His Excellency (diplomatic)
Member of	Cabinet of Egypt
Reports to	President of Egypt
Residence	Heliopolis Palace
Seat	Cairo
Nominator	House of Representatives
Appointer	President of Egypt
Termlength	No term limit
Formation	28 August 1878
First	Nubar Pasha
Salary	E£ 42,000 per month
Website	[https://www.cabinet.gov.eg/ cabinet.gov.eg]

Prime Minister of Egypt The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Cabinet of Egypt and the chief executive of the Government of Egypt. The position is appointed by the President of Egypt and approved by the House of Representatives. The prime minister leads the Council of Ministers and is responsible for implementing state policy and managing the day-to-day affairs of the government.

History and development

The office was first established on 28 August 1878 under the Khedivate of Egypt, with Nubar Pasha serving as the first prime minister. The role evolved significantly after the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, which abolished the Kingdom of Egypt and established a republican system. Under Gamal Abdel Nasser and the Arab Socialist Union, the position's powers were often subordinated to a strong presidency. Subsequent political shifts, including the Infitah policies of Anwar Sadat and the 2011 Egyptian revolution, have periodically altered the office's influence and relationship with other branches of government.

Appointment and powers

The prime minister is formally appointed by a presidential decree from the President of Egypt, typically following consultations with the majority bloc in the House of Representatives. The appointed candidate must then present their government's program to the legislature to gain a vote of confidence. The prime minister's constitutional powers, as outlined in the 2014 Constitution, include presiding over the Council of Ministers, supervising the work of ministries like the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Defence, and issuing executive decrees. The office can also be subject to a vote of no confidence by the parliament.

List of prime ministers

Since Nubar Pasha, Egypt has had numerous prime ministers, reflecting its turbulent political history. Key figures include Mustafa el-Nahhas of the Wafd Party, Mahmoud Fahmy El-Nokrashy Pasha, and Gamal Abdel Nasser, who also served as president. The Arab Socialist Union era saw premiers like Aziz Sedky. In recent decades, prominent officeholders have included Atef Sedki under Hosni Mubarak, Essam Sharaf following the 2011 Egyptian revolution, and Hazem Al Beblawi after the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état. The current incumbent, Mostafa Madbouly, has served since June 2018.

Role in government

The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Egypt and is responsible for executing the state's general policy as set by the President of Egypt. This involves coordinating the work of all ministries, such as the Ministry of International Cooperation and the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities. The prime minister also presents the government's agenda to the House of Representatives, proposes the annual state budget, and ensures the implementation of laws passed by the legislature. The office works closely with institutions like the Central Bank of Egypt and the Suez Canal Authority.

Relationship with the presidency

The relationship is defined by the Constitution of Egypt, which vests broad executive authority in the President of Egypt. The president appoints the prime minister, can dismiss them, and retains direct control over key sovereign portfolios like defence and foreign affairs. Historically, under strong presidents like Gamal Abdel Nasser and Hosni Mubarak, the prime minister's role was largely administrative. However, the constitution also mandates cooperation, requiring the prime minister's countersignature on certain presidential decrees and making the cabinet collectively responsible before the House of Representatives.

Official residence and symbols

The official residence and office of the prime minister is the Heliopolis Palace in the Heliopolis district of Cairo. This historic palace, originally built for Empress Farah of Iran, was converted for government use. The prime minister uses the national emblem on official documents and is entitled to the diplomatic style of His Excellency. Other significant government buildings associated with the office include the Cabinet of Egypt headquarters in Cairo and the Magles El Madina building in Alexandria.

Category:Prime ministers of Egypt Category:Heads of government in Africa Category:Government of Egypt