Pacific Biosciences

Pacific Biosciences. It is a biotechnology company pioneering high-accuracy, long-read DNA sequencing platforms. Founded in 2004, the company is headquartered in Menlo Park, California and is publicly traded on the NASDAQ under the ticker PACB. Its core technology, known as Single Molecule, Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing, enables scientists to study genetic variation, complex genomes, and epigenetics with unprecedented resolution.

History

The company was founded in 2004 by Stephen Turner and emerged from foundational technology developed at Cornell University. Early development was supported by significant venture capital from firms like Kleiner Perkins and Alloy Ventures. A major milestone was reached in 2010 with the commercial launch of its first sequencing system, the PacBio RS. The company completed its initial public offering in 2010, raising substantial capital to advance its technology. In 2018, it launched the highly successful Sequel II System, which dramatically increased throughput and reduced costs. A pivotal strategic move occurred in 2021 when it announced plans to acquire Omniome, a company specializing in short-read sequencing technology, aiming to create a comprehensive multi-platform offering.

Technology

The cornerstone of its platform is Single Molecule, Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing, which utilizes zero-mode waveguides (ZMWs) to observe the synthesis of a single DNA molecule in real time. This approach is facilitated by proprietary engineered enzymes, DNA polymerase, and fluorescently labeled nucleotides. A key advantage is the ability to generate exceptionally long reads, often exceeding 20,000 base pairs, which is critical for resolving complex genomic regions. The technology also allows for the direct detection of base modifications, such as DNA methylation, providing insights into the epigenome. Continuous improvements in chemistry and instrumentation, driven by research in Menlo Park, California, have led to major accuracy enhancements, achieving Q40 quality scores.

Products and services

Its primary product line is the Sequel Systems, with the Sequel IIe being a flagship model offering high-throughput sequencing. The company also provides the SMRTbell library preparation kit, which is essential for creating circularized templates for sequencing. For data analysis, it offers the SMRT Link software suite, which includes applications for genome assembly, variant detection, and iso-seq analysis for full-length RNA sequencing. Through its DevNet program, it collaborates with researchers and developers to create specialized analytical tools. The anticipated integration of technology from Omniome is expected to yield future products combining long-read and short-read capabilities.

Applications

Its sequencing systems are widely used for *de novo* genome assembly of complex organisms, including plants like wheat and animals like the California condor. In human genetics, they are instrumental for characterizing medically relevant regions, such as the HLA genes and resolving structural variants linked to diseases. The HiFi sequencing mode is particularly valued in precision medicine for identifying complex mutations in cancer research. In microbiology, the technology is applied for metagenomics and studying antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, it enables the study of epigenetic landscapes in developmental biology and has become a gold standard for producing high-quality reference genomes for projects like the Vertebrate Genomes Project.

Business and competition

The company operates in the highly competitive DNA sequencing market, where its main rivals include Illumina, Inc., known for dominant short-read technology, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies, which also offers long-read sequencing. Its business strategy involves focusing on markets where long-read data provides definitive advantages, such as complex genome assembly and comprehensive variant detection. Key partnerships, such as with Roche for diagnostics development, are central to its commercial expansion. Financially, it has invested heavily in research and development to maintain technological leadership. The strategic acquisition of Omniome positions it to compete more directly in the broader sequencing market by offering a multi-technology portfolio.

Category:Biotechnology companies of the United States Category:Companies based in San Mateo County, California Category:DNA sequencing