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New York State Gaming Commission

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New York State Gaming Commission
NameNew York State Gaming Commission
FormedFebruary 1, 2013
Preceding1New York State Racing and Wagering Board
JurisdictionState of New York
HeadquartersOne Broadway Center, Schenectady, New York
Chief1 nameBrian O'Dwyer
Chief1 positionChairman
Chief2 nameRobert Williams
Chief2 positionExecutive Director
Websitehttps://www.gaming.ny.gov/

New York State Gaming Commission is the primary regulatory body overseeing all legalized gaming activities within New York State. Established by the New York State Legislature through the 2013 New York State Budget, it consolidated the functions of the former New York State Racing and Wagering Board and assumed new regulatory powers. The commission is tasked with ensuring the integrity and transparency of casino gaming, horse racing, charitable gaming, and, more recently, sports betting and online lottery sales. Its operations are headquartered in Schenectady, New York, within the One Broadway Center building.

History

The commission was formally created on February 1, 2013, following the passage of the 2013 New York State Budget and the signing of legislation by then-Governor Andrew Cuomo. This legislative action dissolved the longstanding New York State Racing and Wagering Board, which had regulated horse racing and pari-mutuel betting since 1973, and transferred its authority to the new entity. The creation of the commission was a direct response to the successful 2013 New York casino gambling referendum, which amended the New York State Constitution to permit the development of up to seven commercial casino resorts. Subsequent expansions of its mandate have included the regulation of sports betting following the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association and the oversight of mobile sports betting launched in 2022.

Organization and structure

The commission is governed by a five-member board appointed by the Governor of New York with the advice and consent of the New York State Senate. The board appoints an Executive Director who manages the day-to-day operations of the agency's several divisions. Key operational divisions include the Division of Gaming, the Division of Horse Racing and Pari-Mutuel Wagering, and the Division of Charitable Gaming. The commission maintains its main offices in Schenectady and operates satellite offices, including a significant presence in the Capital District. It works in conjunction with other state entities such as the New York State Lottery and the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance.

Regulatory responsibilities

The commission's regulatory purview is extensive, covering the licensing and ongoing oversight of all gaming operators and participants. This includes conducting thorough background investigations for casino owners, horse racing trainers, and sports betting platform providers. The agency enforces rules related to game fairness, anti-money laundering protocols, and problem gambling prevention programs. It holds adjudicatory powers to levy fines, suspend licenses, and exclude individuals from gaming facilities. The commission also regulates off-track betting corporations, charitable bingo and games of chance, and the New York Racing Association, which operates premier tracks like Aqueduct Racetrack, Belmont Park, and Saratoga Race Course.

Licensed facilities and operations

As of 2023, the commission regulates four commercial casino resorts licensed under the 2013 amendment, including Resorts World Catskills and Rivers Casino & Resort Schenectady. It also oversees Class III gaming operated by several Native American tribes under compacts with the state, such as the Seneca Nation of Indians and the Oneida Indian Nation. The agency licenses all horse racing tracks and off-track betting parlors across the state. Furthermore, it regulates the interactive platforms for mobile sports betting, with operators like Caesars Sportsbook and FanDuel requiring commission approval, and oversees the New York State Lottery's expansion into digital sales.

Economic impact and revenue distribution

Gaming tax revenue generated under the commission's oversight constitutes a significant source of funding for New York State. Revenue streams include taxes on casino gross gaming revenue, pari-mutuel betting handle, and sports betting operator fees. By law, a substantial portion of this revenue is dedicated to state education aid, supporting public schools and SUNY and CUNY systems. Additional allocations are directed to local governments hosting gaming facilities, problem gambling treatment and prevention programs, and agricultural support through the New York State Breed Development Fund for the horse racing industry.

The commission has faced several controversies, including legal challenges from the Seneca Nation of Indians regarding revenue sharing from slot machine operations. The rapid expansion into mobile sports betting drew scrutiny over the state's high tax rate and the competitive bidding process for platform operators. The agency has also been involved in high-profile disciplinary actions within the horse racing industry, such as the suspension of trainers following positive drug tests at major events like the Belmont Stakes. Its regulatory decisions are frequently subject to review by state courts and administrative law judges.

Category:New York (state) state agencies Category:Gaming authorities in the United States Category:Organizations established in 2013