Mahathir Mohamad
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| Mahathir Mohamad | |
|---|---|
| Name | Mahathir Mohamad |
| Caption | Mahathir in 2019 |
| Office | Prime Minister of Malaysia |
| Term start | 10 May 2018 |
| Term end | 1 March 2020 |
| Monarch | Muhammad V, Abdullah |
| Predecessor | Najib Razak |
| Successor | Muhyiddin Yassin |
| Term start1 | 16 July 1981 |
| Term end1 | 31 October 2003 |
| Monarch1 | Ahmad Shah, Iskandar, Azlan Shah, Ja'afar, Salahuddin, Sirajuddin |
| Predecessor1 | Hussein Onn |
| Successor1 | Abdullah Ahmad Badawi |
| Office2 | Minister of Finance |
| Term start2 | 5 June 2001 |
| Term end2 | 31 October 2003 |
| Primeminister2 | Himself |
| Predecessor2 | Daim Zainuddin |
| Successor2 | Abdullah Ahmad Badawi |
| Term start3 | 7 September 1998 |
| Term end3 | 7 January 1999 |
| Primeminister3 | Himself |
| Predecessor3 | Anwar Ibrahim |
| Successor3 | Daim Zainuddin |
| Office4 | Minister of Home Affairs |
| Term start4 | 8 May 1986 |
| Term end4 | 8 January 1999 |
| Primeminister4 | Himself |
| Predecessor4 | Musa Hitam |
| Successor4 | Abdullah Ahmad Badawi |
| Office5 | Minister of Defence |
| Term start5 | 18 July 1981 |
| Term end5 | 6 May 1986 |
| Primeminister5 | Himself |
| Predecessor5 | Hussein Onn |
| Successor5 | Abdullah Ahmad Badawi |
| Office6 | Minister of Education |
| Term start6 | 5 September 1974 |
| Term end6 | 31 December 1977 |
| Primeminister6 | Abdul Razak Hussein, Hussein Onn |
| Predecessor6 | Mohamed Yaacob |
| Successor6 | Musa Hitam |
| Office7 | Minister of Trade and Industry |
| Term start7 | 1 January 1978 |
| Term end7 | 16 July 1981 |
| Primeminister7 | Hussein Onn |
| Predecessor7 | Hamzah Abu Samah |
| Successor7 | Ahmad Rithaudden Tengku Ismail |
| Birth date | 10 July 1925 |
| Birth place | Alor Setar, Kedah, Unfederated Malay States, British Malaya |
| Party | Pejuang (2020–present), BERSATU (2016–2020), UMNO (1946–2016, 2018) |
| Otherparty | Pakatan Harapan (2017–2020), Barisan Nasional (1973–2016) |
| Spouse | Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali, 1956 |
| Children | 7, including Marina and Mokhzani |
| Alma mater | King Edward VII College of Medicine |
| Profession | Physician |
- Early life and education
- Political career before premiership
- First term as Prime Minister (1981–2003)
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Mahathir Mohamad is a Malaysian politician, author, and physician who served as the Prime Minister of Malaysia for two non-consecutive terms, from 1981 to 2003 and again from 2018 to 2020. His first tenure of over 22 years remains the longest in the nation's history, a period marked by aggressive economic modernization and significant political centralization. A dominant and often controversial figure, his policies and rhetoric profoundly shaped contemporary Malaysia, influencing its industrial landscape, political culture, and place in the Global South.
Early life and education
Born in Alor Setar, the capital of the Kedah Sultanate, he was the youngest child of Mohamad Iskandar, a teacher of Indian and Malay descent. He was educated at the Sultan Abdul Hamid College before enrolling at the King Edward VII College of Medicine in Singapore, then part of British Malaya. Graduating in 1953, he began his medical service with the colonial government before opening his own practice, the Maha Clinic, in his hometown, where he developed a reputation for treating poorer patients.
Political career before premiership
He joined the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in 1946 and was first elected to Parliament in 1964, representing Kota Setar Selatan. Following a fallout with the nation's first prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman, he was expelled from UMNO in 1969 after publishing a controversial letter criticizing the leadership. He was readmitted after Tun Abdul Razak became prime minister, and was appointed a Senator in 1973. He subsequently served as Minister of Education under Abdul Razak Hussein and Hussein Onn, and later as Minister of Trade and Industry, positioning himself as a key architect of the government's economic policies.
First term as Prime Minister (1981–2003)
Succeeding Hussein Onn, he launched an ambitious program of state-led industrialization and privatization, epitomized by national projects like the Proton car company and the Multimedia Super Corridor. His administration fostered close ties with East Asian economies like Japan and South Korea, while promoting a distinctly pro-Malay socio-economic agenda through the New Economic Policy. Domestically, he consolidated power through a series of constitutional and political maneuvers, including the 1988 constitutional crisis that weakened the judiciary, and the sacking and imprisonment of his deputy, Anwar Ibrahim, in 1998. He steered Malaysia through the 1997 Asian financial crisis, controversially implementing capital controls and pegging the Malaysia the Philippines|Malaysia and the Mohamad and the (1997) and ay) and 1998–2003) == He and (2003) and and and 2003) and 1998–2003) ==He 2003)2003)3
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