List of Quebec provincial electoral districts

List of Quebec provincial electoral districts
Legislature	National Assembly of Quebec
House type	Unicameral
Established	1867
Seats	125
Electoral system	First-past-the-post voting
Last election	2022 Quebec general election
Next election	Next Quebec general election
Redistricting	By independent commission

List of Quebec provincial electoral districts. The National Assembly of Quebec is composed of members elected from single-member constituencies known as electoral districts. Following the 2022 Quebec general election, the province is divided into 125 such districts, a number enshrined in the Election Act (Quebec). The boundaries and names of these districts are periodically revised by the Commission de la représentation électorale to reflect demographic changes. This system of territorial representation has evolved significantly since the Confederation era, shaping the province's unique political landscape.

History and evolution

The initial electoral map was established at Confederation under the British North America Act, 1867, which created 65 districts for the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. Early districts were often based on existing counties or cities, leading to significant malapportionment between urban and rural regions. Major reforms began in the 1960s and 1970s, notably with the work of the Commission de la représentation électorale, established to create a more equitable and non-partisan process. The number of seats has increased over time, growing to 125 after the 1992 Quebec electoral redistribution, a total maintained through subsequent revisions including those preceding the 2018 Quebec general election and the 2022 Quebec general election.

Current electoral districts (since 2022)

The current 125 districts were finalized by the Commission de la représentation électorale for the 2022 election. Notable districts in the Montreal region include Acadie, LaFontaine, and Mercier. In Quebec City, key districts are Charlesbourg, Jean-Lesage, and Taschereau. Major suburban districts include Châteauguay and La Pinière near Montreal, and Louis-Hébert near Quebec City. The map also encompasses vast regions like Abitibi-Est, Côte-Nord, and Gaspé.

Former electoral districts

Many historical districts have been merged, renamed, or abolished due to redistribution. Examples include Montréal-Centre, Québec-Est, and Trois-Rivières. Former county-based districts like Beauce and Champlain have been reconfigured. Some districts, such as Laurier-Dorion, were created from mergers of older ridings like Laurier and Dorion. The evolution of districts like Westmount and Saint-Henri reflects the demographic and political shifts within Montreal.

Redistribution process

Redistribution is conducted by the independent Commission de la représentation électorale following each decennial census. The process is governed by the Election Act (Quebec), which mandates adherence to the principle of electoral quotient and considers factors like communities of interest, natural geographic boundaries, and population density. Public hearings are held in regions such as the Bas-Saint-Laurent, Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, and Estrie before final proposals are submitted to the National Assembly of Quebec. This process aims to ensure representation by population while accounting for Quebec's vast geographic diversity.

Electoral district naming conventions

Districts are typically named for geographic features, historical figures, or former administrative divisions. Many bear the names of prominent individuals from Quebec history, such as René-Lévesque, Jean-Talon, and Marguerite-Bourgeoys. Others reflect geographic regions like Hull, Iberville, and Ungava. Some conventions honor local Indigenous heritage, as seen in Abitibi-Ouest or Nelligan. The names are officially assigned by the Commission de la représentation électorale and often evoke a strong sense of regional identity.

Political representation by district

Electoral districts form the foundational units for political party organization and candidate nomination. Historically, certain districts have become strongholds for specific parties; for example, D'Arcy-McGee has long been represented by the Quebec Liberal Party, while regions like Beauce-Sud have favored the Coalition Avenir Québec. The Parti Québécois has traditionally drawn strong support from districts like Matane-Matapédia. The distribution of seats from all 125 districts determines the governing party in the National Assembly of Quebec, as seen in the outcomes of the 2014 Quebec general election, 2018 Quebec general election, and 2022 Quebec general election.

* Electoral districts