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Jennifer Granholm

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Jennifer Granholm
NameJennifer Granholm
CaptionOfficial portrait, 2021
OfficeUnited States Secretary of Energy
PresidentJoe Biden
Term startFebruary 25, 2021
PredecessorDan Brouillette
Office147th Governor of Michigan
Lieutenant1John D. Cherry
Term start1January 1, 2003
Term end1January 1, 2011
Predecessor1John Engler
Successor1Rick Snyder
Birth nameJennifer Mulhern Granholm
Birth date5 February 1959
Birth placeVancouver, British Columbia, Canada
PartyDemocratic
SpouseDaniel Mulhern, 1986
EducationUniversity of California, Berkeley (BA), Harvard University (JD)

Jennifer Granholm is a Canadian-born American politician and attorney serving as the United States Secretary of Energy under President Joe Biden. She previously served as the 47th Governor of Michigan from 2003 to 2011, becoming the first woman to hold that office. A member of the Democratic Party, her career has focused on economic development, clean energy, and manufacturing policy.

Early life and education

Jennifer Mulhern Granholm was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, and moved to California as a child. She earned a Bachelor of Arts in political science and French from the University of California, Berkeley, where she was crowned Miss San Carlos and later Miss California World in 1977. Granholm then attended Harvard Law School, graduating with a Juris Doctor in 1987. During her time at Harvard University, she served as an editor for the Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review.

Early political career

After law school, Granholm clerked for Judge Damon Keith on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. She then worked as a federal prosecutor in the United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Michigan. In 1998, she was elected Michigan Attorney General, defeating Republican John Smietanka. As Attorney General of Michigan, she gained prominence for her work on consumer protection cases against companies like Enron and pursued litigation against the tobacco industry.

Governor of Michigan (2003–2011)

Elected in 2002, Granholm took office during a severe economic downturn in Michigan tied to the struggles of the Big Three automakers. Her administration negotiated the Michigan Business Tax and championed the Advanced Battery Grants to position the state for electric vehicle manufacturing. She declared a state of financial emergency in Detroit and appointed an emergency financial manager. Her tenure was marked by battles with the Michigan Legislature over budgets and her push for the Michigan Promise Scholarship. Following the 2008 financial crisis, she worked with the Obama administration on the auto industry rescue.

U.S. Secretary of Energy (2021–present)

Nominated by President Joe Biden and confirmed by the United States Senate, Granholm was sworn in as United States Secretary of Energy in 2021. Her tenure has been defined by implementing the Biden administration's clean energy agenda, including the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. She has focused on bolstering domestic supply chains for critical minerals, expanding solar and wind energy, and supporting technologies like hydrogen fuel and carbon capture and storage. Granholm has frequently engaged with international partners like the International Energy Agency and traveled to facilities such as the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Political positions and public image

Granholm is considered a proponent of progressive economic and environmental policies, advocating for a transition to renewable energy while emphasizing job creation in manufacturing. She supports the Green New Deal framework and has been a vocal advocate for United States energy independence. Her communication style, including frequent appearances on media outlets like MSNBC and CNN, has shaped her public image as an energetic advocate for the Biden administration's energy policies. She has received awards from organizations like the Sierra Club and has been criticized by some conservative groups and lawmakers from the Republican Party.

Personal life

Granholm married attorney Daniel Mulhern in 1986; the couple has three children. She became a naturalized United States citizen in 1980. An author, she co-wrote A Governor's Story: The Fight for Jobs and America's Economic Future with her husband. Granholm has also served as a senior research fellow at the University of California, Berkeley's Law School and as a contributor to CNN following her governorship.

Category:1959 births Category:Living people Category:United States Secretaries of Energy Category:Governors of Michigan Category:Harvard Law School alumni Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni