Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada

Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada
Name	Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada
Formed	1919
Jurisdiction	Government of Canada
Headquarters	Gatineau, Quebec
Parent agency	Parks Canada
Chief1 position	Chairperson
Website	https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/culture/clmhc-hsmbc

Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada is an advisory body that recommends subjects, persons, and events of national historic significance to the Minister of Environment and Climate Change. Established in 1919, the board plays a central role in the official commemoration of Canada's history through the National Program of Historical Commemoration. Its recommendations lead to the designation of National Historic Sites, Persons of National Historic Significance, and Events of National Historic Significance, which are often marked by federal plaques.

History and establishment

The board was established in 1919 by the Department of the Interior under the authority of the Historic Sites and Monuments Act. Its creation was influenced by a growing national consciousness following World War I and the efforts of individuals like James B. Harkin, the first Commissioner of Dominion Parks Branch. Early work focused on sites related to European exploration and settlement, such as Port-Royal and the Fortress of Louisbourg. Over the decades, its scope expanded significantly, moving beyond a focus on political and military history to include themes of Indigenous history, women's history, and immigration.

Mandate and responsibilities

The board's primary mandate is to advise the minister on the national historic significance of places, people, and events that have shaped Canada. This includes evaluating submissions, conducting research, and making formal recommendations for designation. It is responsible for ensuring the integrity and scholarly rigor of the National Program of Historical Commemoration. The board also provides guidance on the wording of commemorative plaques and the appropriate location for their installation, ensuring they meet national standards.

Designation process

The designation process begins with the submission of a nomination from the public, historical societies, or government agencies. These submissions are researched by Parks Canada historians and then reviewed by the relevant provincial or territorial committee of the board. Proposals that meet established criteria are presented to the full board at its annual meetings. Following a vote, successful recommendations are forwarded to the Minister of Environment and Climate Change for official approval. Once approved, the designations are announced and commemorated, often with a plaque unveiling ceremony.

Composition and membership

The board is composed of a representative from each province and territory, a representative from the Library and Archives Canada, and a chairperson appointed by the minister. Members are typically distinguished historians, archaeologists, or professionals from related heritage fields. Notable past members have included Harold Innis, Marius Barbeau, and Margaret MacMillan. The provincial and territorial representatives ensure regional perspectives and knowledge are integral to the board's deliberations and decisions.

Notable designations and plaques

The board has designated over 2,200 national historic sites, persons, and events. Early designations included the L'Anse aux Meadows Norse site and the Citadelle of Quebec. Significant person designations range from Louis Riel and Sir John A. Macdonald to Nellie McClung and Tommy Douglas. Events commemorated include the October Crisis, the Komagata Maru incident, and the Battle of Vimy Ridge. Plaques for these designations are found across the country, from Signal Hill in Newfoundland and Labrador to the SS Klondike in Yukon.

Relationship with Parks Canada

The board operates under the auspices of Parks Canada, which provides administrative, research, and logistical support. Parks Canada staff conduct the initial research for nominations and manage the production and installation of commemorative plaques. While the board is an independent advisory body, its work is integrated into the broader heritage conservation and public education mandates of Parks Canada. The agency is also responsible for the stewardship and management of many of the physical sites designated by the board, such as Fort Henry and the Rideau Canal.

Category:1919 establishments in Canada Category:Advisory bodies in Canada Category:Heritage registers in Canada Category:Organizations based in Gatineau