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Hawker Siddeley Harrier

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Hawker Siddeley Harrier
NameHawker Siddeley Harrier
CaptionHawker Siddeley Harrier GR.3
Country-originUnited Kingdom

Hawker Siddeley Harrier. The Hawker Siddeley Harrier, a pioneering Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft, was developed by Hawker Siddeley in the United Kingdom. The Harrier was designed by an team led by Sydney Camm and Ronald Fraser at Hawker Aircraft. First flying in 1967, the Harrier was introduced into service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) in 1969.

Development

The development of the Harrier began in the late 1950s, when the RAF issued a requirement for a V/STOL fighter aircraft. Hawker Siddeley was awarded a contract to develop the aircraft, which was initially known as the P.1127. The P.1127 made its first flight in 1963, and was later developed into the Kestrel, a V/STOL trainer aircraft. The Kestrel was used to test the V/STOL capabilities of the Harrier.

Design

The Hawker Siddeley Harrier was designed with a delta wing configuration and a rotatable nozzle at the back of the engine, which allowed the aircraft to take off and land vertically. The Harrier was powered by a single Rolls-Royce Pegasus turbofan engine, which produced 21,000 pounds of thrust. The aircraft had a maximum takeoff weight of 24,000 pounds and a top speed of Mach 1.2.

Operational history

The Hawker Siddeley Harrier entered service with the RAF in 1969, and was used in a variety of roles, including ground attack and reconnaissance. The Harrier saw combat in Northern Ireland and Falklands War, where it was used to attack Argentine ground targets. The Harrier was also used by the United States Marine Corps, which purchased a number of Harrier GR.1s and Harrier AV-8As.

Variants

Several variants of the Harrier were developed, including the Harrier GR.1, Harrier GR.3, Harrier AV-8A, and Harrier T.1. The Harrier GR.1 was the first production variant of the Harrier, and was used by the RAF and United States Marine Corps. The Harrier GR.3 was an upgraded variant of the Harrier GR.1, which had an improved radar and weapons system.

Operators

The Hawker Siddeley Harrier was operated by several countries, including the United Kingdom, United States, and India. The RAF was the largest operator of the Harrier, with over 100 aircraft in service. The United States Marine Corps also operated a number of Harrier AV-8As, which were used in combat in Vietnam and Lebanon.

Specifications (Harrier GR.1/GR.3)

* Length: 46 ft 10 in * Wingspan: 30 ft 4 in * Height: 13 ft 2 in * Empty weight: 12,700 lb * Maximum takeoff weight: 24,000 lb * Engines: 1 x Rolls-Royce Pegasus turbofan, 21,000 lbf * Maximum speed: Mach 1.2 * Range: 1,200 nmi

Category:Aircraft